在肥胖和慢性病患者中接受,遵守,安全和低能量饮食的经验:混合方法研究
Marguerite Conley1, Hannah L Mayr2, Mikeeley Hoch3
1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Kidney and Transplant Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
概括
低能耗饮食 (LED) 对于肥胖和慢性病 (CKD) 患者来说是安全和可接受的,表现出高度的坚持和减肥. 进一步的研究应侧重于管理副作用和特定的健康需求.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學.
- 营养学 营养学 营养学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肥胖是慢性病 (CKD) 进展的重要危险因素.
- 低能耗饮食 (LED) 是一种潜在的干预措施,但它们在CKD群体中的使用尚未得到充分研究.
- 了解LED在这个人口群体中的可行性对于开发有效的体重管理策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估两种不同的LED处方在肥胖和CKD的成年人中的可接受性,遵守性和安全性.
- 探索参与者进行这些低能耗饮食的实践经验.
- 确定在CKD管理中实施LED的潜在挑战和促进者.
主要方法:
- 一项混合方法研究,涉及9名患有肥胖和CKD的参与者.
- 参与者被随机分配到两种不同的800-1000千卡/天LED两周:一个用餐替代品 (Optifast®) 和另一个用预先准备的饭菜 (Lite n' Easy®).
- 数据收集包括每天的坚持检查清单,每周的饮食师支持,以及干预后的半结构面试.
主要成果:
- 观察到高自我报告的坚持 (88%±11%) 和显著的体重减轻 (-7.3公斤±5.6公斤).
- 常见的副作用包括饥饿和头痛;每例高胆固醇和低血糖发生一次,没有严重的不良事件.
- 参与者的经验揭示了适应策略,日常生活中断,个人偏好和影响接受度的因素的主题.
结论:
- 对于肥胖和CKD的成年人来说,LED似乎是一种可接受和安全的饮食方法,表现出很高的坚持.
- 未来的试验应该包括专门的糖尿病管理和密切监测诸如高胆固醇血症等不良事件.
- 建议提供全面的支持,以帮助患者管理副作用并适应饮食和社会调整.
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