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Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
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Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.
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在含有Th的高合金系统中的超导性.

Piotr Sobota1,2, Rafał Topolnicki3,4, Tomasz Ossowski3

  • 1Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Wrocław, pl. M. Borna 9, 50-204, Wrocław, Poland. piotr.sobota2@uwr.edu.pl.

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|September 28, 2023
PubMed
概括

这项研究合成了含的高合金,揭示了主要的以身体为中心的立方相和小面部为中心的立方相. 这些发现促进了对新型超导材料的理解.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 固态物理 固态物理
  • 超导电性 超导电性 超导电性

背景情况:

  • 高合金 (HEA) 由于其复杂的组成,具有独特的特性.
  • 含 (Th) 的合金相对未被探索,但具有新的应用潜力.

研究的目的:

  • 为了合成和描述一种新的含有Th的超导高系统.
  • 研究 (NbTa) 2 (MoWTh) 合金的结构和物理特性.
  • 用密度函数理论计算支持实验发现.

主要方法:

  • 高合金 (NbTa) 2 ((MoWTh) 的合成.
  • 使用X射线衍射,扫描电子显微镜和能量分散X射线光谱学的实验性表征.
  • 物理性质测量,包括特定热量,电阻力和磁性易感性.
  • 使用DFT的数字模拟Korringa-Kohn-Roper方法与连贯电位近似 (KKR-CPA).

主要成果:

  • 成功合成含Th的高合金.
  • 确定两个主要阶段:一个主要的身体中心立方体 (bcc) 结构和一个小的面部中心立方体 (fcc) 结构.
  • 获得了结构性和物理性质的实验数据.
  • 使用KKR-CPA进行的数值模拟证实了实验观察结果.

结论:

  • 合成的 (NbTa) 2 ((MoWTh) 系统具有双相结构 (bcc和fcc).
  • 该研究提供了对含有Th的超导高合金的基本理解.
  • 综合实验和计算方法对于描述复杂的合金系统是有效的.