在青少年中使用维生素和矿物质食补充剂的建议值得怀疑
Katja Zdešar Kotnik1, Barbara Koroušić Seljak2, Matej Gregorič3
1Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Vecna pot 111, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
BMC nutrition
|September 28, 2023
概括
食补充剂使用改善了青少年的微量营养素摄入量,但公共卫生工作必须专注于改善饮食. 努力应该促进水果,蔬菜,乳制品和全谷物,同时减少加工零食和过度肉类消费.
科学领域:
- 青少年营养 青少年营养
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 饮食评估 饮食评估
背景情况:
- 不适当的饮食对青少年构成健康风险.
- 饮食补充剂 (DS) 在青少年中很常见.
- 评估营养摄入量和饮食习惯对于了解青少年健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估与饮食和/或DS使用相关的斯洛文尼亚青少年的潜在健康风险.
- 在一个代表性的青少年样本中分析微量营养素摄入量和饮食习惯.
- 识别有助于营养摄入量低于最佳的饮食模式.
主要方法:
- 2014年进行的横截面研究 (斯洛文尼亚儿童发展分析 - ACDSi).
- 数据收集包括DS的使用,微量营养素摄入的24小时回忆,饮食习惯的FFQ以及人体测量.
- 样本包括来自15所中学的342名青少年 (平均年龄15.4岁).
主要成果:
- 用户的微量营养素摄入量较高,更频繁地满足D-A-CH建议,但不超过EFSA的上限.
- 仅饮食本身就导致维生素A,D,E,叶酸,生物素,泛酸和矿物质化物,,和的摄入量不足.
- 青少年摄入不足的水果,蔬菜,乳制品,鱼类和谷物,但过量的,肉类和零食.
结论:
- DS使用对青少年微量营养素状况产生积极影响,特别是维生素C和.
- 公共卫生干预对于改善青少年饮食质量至关重要.
- 干预措施应鼓励增加水果,蔬菜,全谷物和乳制品的消费,减少加工零食和肉类的摄入量.
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