巴西和墨西哥的老年人中的教育和认知功能
Natalia Gomes Gonçalves1, Jaqueline Contrera Avila2, Laiss Bertola3
1Division of Geriatrics University of São Paulo Medical School São Paulo São Paulo Brazil.
Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|September 29, 2023
概括
即使是最低限度的教育也可以防止认知障碍. 这项研究发现,在墨西哥和巴西,与没有正式学校教育的人相比,至少接受过一年教育的人患认知障碍的几率较低.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 教育被认为是影响认知健康的重要因素.
- 认知障碍对全球人口老龄化构成越来越大的挑战.
- 了解教育在不同人群的认知功能中的作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估来自墨西哥和巴西的老年人的教育成就和认知功能之间的关联.
- 为了比较教育对认知障碍的影响在两个不同的国家队列.
主要方法:
- 利用来自巴西长度老龄化研究 (ELSI) 和墨西哥健康和老龄化研究 (MHAS) 的全国代表性数据.
- 包括50岁及以上的成年人,根据认知障碍状态对其进行分类.
- 使用后勤回归模型来分析教育水平和认知功能之间的关系,协调认知测试电池.
主要成果:
- 与巴西队列 (ELSI) 相比,墨西哥队列 (MHAS) 观察到更高的高等教育水平.
- 接受至少一年正规教育的参与者在两个队伍中都显示认知障碍的几率降低.
- 巴西男性 (ELSI) 的认知障碍几率高于墨西哥男性 (MHAS).
- 性行为在墨西哥起到了影响修饰的作用,但在巴西却没有,这与教育-认知关系有关.
结论:
- 即使是最低的教育水平 (≥1年) 也与认知障碍的几率显著降低有关.
- 巴西人在控制教育水平时,比墨西哥人更有可能出现认知障碍.
- 巴西和墨西哥之间的教育-认知关联的差异主要在男性中明显,这表明性别特异性影响.
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