埃塞俄比亚的高牛结核负担地区的动物性结核病
Sosina Ayalew1,2, Getinet Habtamu1, Fantanesh Melese1
1Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Frontiers in public health
|September 29, 2023
概括
动物性结核病 (zTB) 在埃塞俄比亚中部2.4%的培养阳性结核病患者中被发现,原因是Mycobacterium bovis. 这凸显了结核病诊断中物种识别的必要性,特别是在高风险地区.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 是一个重要的全球卫生问题,其中Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) 种类导致人类和牛结核病.
- 动物性结核病 (zTB) 从牛传播到人类是一个令人担忧的问题,特别是在牛结核病 (bTB) 流行率高的地区.
研究的目的:
- 调查埃塞俄比亚中部zTB的流行情况,该地区牛群bTB发病率很高.
- 为了确定对人类中zTB负责的MTBC物种.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究包括埃塞俄比亚中部的385名肺结核 (PTB) 或结核淋巴炎 (TBLN) 患者.
- 唾液和FNA样本进行培养,并使用定量PCR (qPCR) 确定了阳性分离物,以MTBC,M.结核病和M. bovis.为特定基因组区域的目标.
主要成果:
- 在385名患者中,有255人 (66.2%) 具有培养阳性的MTBC分离物.
- 249个分离物 (97.6%) 被确定为M.结核病,而6个分离物 (2.4%) 被确定为M. bovis.
- 在PTB患者和1名TBLN患者中发现了M. bovis,职业暴露和原产品消费被确定为潜在的传播途径.
结论:
- 在该地区的培养阳性结核病例中,M. bovis的发病率为2.4%,高于以前报告的埃塞俄比亚一般人口.
- 由于固有的耐皮拉津胺耐药性,M. bovis感染可能需要不同的治疗策略.
- 在bTB流行地区,对MTBC的物种鉴定至关重要,特别是对于复发性或治疗失败的结核病患者.
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