端到端脱聚合化学的新兴趋势
Zhengyu Deng1, Elizabeth R Gillies1,2
1Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada.
JACS Au
|September 29, 2023
概括
自焚聚合物从端到端脱聚合,使得可控的单体再生成为增强的聚合物回收和智能材料. 这个领域探索了新的聚合物骨干和高级应用的架构.
科学领域:
- 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 自焚性聚合物,即端到端脱聚合,正因其可降解性和回收潜力而受到关注.
- 这些聚合物在温和条件下提供受控的单体再生,这对于可持续的聚合物管理至关重要.
- 它们的级联反应机制允许对特定信号进行放大反应,使它们适合智能材料.
研究的目的:
- 介绍端到端聚合物脱聚合的基本化学概念.
- 审查可脱聚合的聚合物骨干和架构的最新进展.
- 提供关于自燃聚合物领域未来机遇和挑战的观点.
主要方法:
- 化学原理的审查,包括自燃链接剂和聚合物天花板温度 (Tc).
- 对新开发的可脱聚合的聚合物骨干 (例如,聚乙,聚二硫化物,聚) 的分析.
- 检查可脱聚合系统 (例如,块共聚合物,超分支聚合物,网络) 的拓学进步.
主要成果:
- 开发新的可脱聚合的骨干,如聚乙烯,聚二硫化物和聚乙烯.
- 引入用于脱聚合常规聚合物的现代方法,例如聚合甲基酸盐.
- 用于数据存储和加密的精密序列定义寡合物的合成和研究.
- 拓结构的进步,包括完全脱聚合的块共聚合物和聚合物网络.
结论:
- 自焚聚合物代表了聚合物科学的重大进步,为可降解性和回收利用提供了解决方案.
- 该领域在开发新材料和理解脱聚合机制方面取得了快速进展.
- 未来的研究方向包括探索新的应用,克服合成和可扩展性的现有挑战.
相关概念视频
00:57Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
2.3K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.3K
01:03Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview
3.5K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.5K
02:35Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes
7.9K
The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
7.9K
01:09Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
2.6K
The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this...
2.6K
01:04Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
2.1K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.1K
00:53Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)
1.9K
Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
1.9K