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相关概念视频

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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The Earth is a good conductor of electricity, and it is so big that it can be considered an infinite source or sink of charges. It can easily exchange charges with any matter.
Generally, conductors like metals do not allow any excess charge to be present on them. Any excess charge added to metals easily flows away, for example, when a metal is placed on the Earth. This process is called earthing.
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Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
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Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
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A conductor needs to be a component of a path that creates a closed loop or full circuit to have a continuous current flowing through it. A current starts to flow if an electric field is created inside an isolated conductor that is not part of a full circuit. The conductor quickly develops a net positive charge at one end and a net negative charge at the other. These charges generate an electric field opposite the direction of the applied electric field, which reduces the current. Eventually,...
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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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自给自足的金属空气电池系统是通过固体离子导电界面实现的.

Shuo Jin1, Shifeng Hong2, Xiaosi Gao1

  • 1Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA. laa25@cornell.edu.

Faraday discussions
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概括

化学惰性金属介面保护金属空气电池中的阳极免受降解,使其在环境空气中稳定运行. 这一突破提高了高能金属空气电池技术的实际可行性.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 电化学 电化学 电化学
  • 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能

背景情况:

  • 金属空气电池 (Li-air,Na-air,Al-air,Zn-air) 通过使用大气中的氧气提供了高的理论能量密度.
  • 阳极被动和环境空气中的寄生反应限制了这些电池的循环稳定性和实际应用.
  • 纯氧金属氧电池需要广泛的基础设施,这限制了它们的相关性.

研究的目的:

  • 为金属阳极设计固体离子导电,化学惰性的金属接线.
  • 为了保护金属阳极与空气和电解质组件的寄生反应.
  • 为了使金属空气电池在环境空气环境中稳定循环运行.

主要方法:

  • 开发固体离子导电和化学惰性的介面相.
  • 使用 (In) 介相来保护 (Li) 和 (Na) 阳极.
  • 使用锡 (Sn) 间相来防止 (Zn) 阳极在性电解质中的腐蚀.

主要成果:

  • 介相有效地保护Li和Na阳极免受空气中的被动化.
  • 接相成功地防止了 Zn 阳极的化学和电化学腐蚀.
  • 开发的接口相促进了快速的接口离子传输,提高了电池的性能.

结论:

  • 新型金属接线使得具有自给自足的金属空气电池具有延长的循环稳定性.
  • 这项研究克服了阻碍环境空气金属空气电池实际使用的关键局限性.
  • 这些发现为更实用,更高效的金属空气储能系统铺平了道路.