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冈比亚农村幼儿的侵入性细菌病:基于人口的监测监测
Yekini A Olatunji1, Adeshola A Banjo1, Alexander Jarde1
1Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara Banjul, The Gambia.
Journal of global health
|September 29, 2023
概括
侵袭性细菌疾病 (IBD) 在甘比亚的幼儿中很常见,而且致命. 预防策略,包括改善疫苗接种,对于减少婴儿死亡率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 全球卫生健康 全球卫生健康
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 侵袭性细菌疾病 (IBD) 对幼儿的死亡率有很大影响.
- 在撒哈拉以南非洲的幼儿中IBD的基于人口的数据很少.
研究的目的:
- 确定在冈比亚农村的幼儿中侵入性细菌疾病 (IBD) 的发病率,病因和病例死亡率.
- 为制定有针对性的干预措施提供必要的数据,以减少婴儿死亡率.
主要方法:
- 从2011年3月到2017年12月,在冈比亚农村地区对0-90天龄的婴儿进行基于人口的监测.
- 标准化临床评估和微生物检查医疗机构的婴儿.
- 基于从无菌部位 (血液,脑脊髓液,肺,腹液) 隔离的致病细菌的IBD定义.
主要成果:
- 在3605名婴儿中,共检测到254次IBD发作.
- 在0-90天的婴儿中,IBD的发病率为25次/1000人/年,在新生儿中更高 (50/1000人/年).
- 黄金葡萄球菌 (40%),大肠杆菌 (15%) 和肺炎链球菌 (9%) 是最常见的病原体. 新生儿的死亡率为29%,较年长的婴儿为19%.
结论:
- 侵入性细菌疾病很普遍,在冈比亚农村的幼儿中病例死亡率很高.
- 迫切需要IBD预防策略,包括加强疫苗实施和开发针对常见病原体的新疫苗.
- 解决IBD是减少该地区高年轻婴儿死亡率的优先事项.
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