泌尿腺癌的免疫疗法:目前的状况和未来的方向
Claudia Piombino1, Elena Tonni1, Marco Oltrecolli1
1Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy.
Expert review of anticancer therapy
|September 29, 2023
概括
免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 改善了尿道癌 (UC) 的存活率. 研究正在探索早期治疗中的ICI以及与抗体-药物合物 (ADC) 结合,以获得更好的结果.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
- 尿癌治疗方法 尿癌治疗方法
背景情况:
- 自2016年以来,免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 已逐渐改善局部晚期和转移性尿路细胞癌 (UC) 的整体存活率,主要是在二线设置中.
- 目前正在进行的临床试验正在调查ICI在UC早期阶段的疗效,无论是单独治疗还是与标准治疗相结合.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前关于ICI在尿道癌不同阶段的作用的证据.
- 总结正在进行的临床试验,探讨免疫疗法组合和ICI与抗体药物联合体 (ADC) 的整合.
主要方法:
- 对尿道癌中ICI的现有证据的文献综述.
- 对正在进行的临床试验和新兴治疗策略的分析.
- 关于UC免疫疗法的未来方向的专家意见综合.
主要成果:
- 在不适合的患者中,一线ICI单疗显示出有限的疗效;EV-302试验可能将恩福图马布维多丁加上布罗利祖马布作为一线新选择.
- 维持免疫治疗的最佳持续时间需要进一步定义,以平衡疗效和毒性.
- 第二线ICI的临床益处仅限于特定的患者子组,需要进一步确定.
结论:
- 恩福图马布 (enfortumab vedotin) 和潘布罗利祖马布 ( pembrolizumab) 的组合显示出对尿道癌的第一线治疗有前途.
- 需要进一步的研究来优化ICI治疗的持续时间,并确定从二线治疗中受益最多的患者子组.
- 新型抗体-药物合物的出现预计将对未来的泌尿器癌治疗模式产生重大影响.
相关概念视频
Tumor Immunotherapy
551
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
551
Cancer Vaccines
396
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
396
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.7K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.7K
Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.3K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.3K


