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相关概念视频

Acetals and Thioacetals as Protecting Groups for Aldehydes and Ketones01:24

Acetals and Thioacetals as Protecting Groups for Aldehydes and Ketones

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Acetals are formed by reacting two equivalents of alcohol with carbonyl compounds like aldehydes or ketones. Acetals are unaffected by bases, nucleophiles, oxidizing agents, and reducing agents. They serve as protecting groups for aldehydes and ketones. Acetals can be easily formed and also easily removed via mild acid hydrolysis.
In the presence of multiple functional groups, when selective reduction of one group over the other is desired, groups like aldehydes and ketones that form acetals...
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Phase II Reactions: Acetylation Reactions01:24

Phase II Reactions: Acetylation Reactions

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Acetylation, a phase II biotransformation reaction, introduces an acetyl group to drugs or their metabolites. Acetyltransferase enzymes facilitate this reaction, which resembles α-amino acid conjugation due to the addition of a functional group to the drug molecule.
The substrates for acetylation are typically drugs or their metabolites with an amino, sulfonamide, or hydrazine functional group. Acetylation can occur at several points in the drug molecule, including primary, secondary, and...
255
Products of the Citric Acid Cycle00:53

Products of the Citric Acid Cycle

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The cells of most organisms—including plants and animals—obtain usable energy through aerobic respiration, the oxygen-requiring version of cellular respiration. Aerobic respiration consists of four major stages: glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. The third major stage, the citric acid cycle, is also known as the Krebs cycle or tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.
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Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis01:16

Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis

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After a fibrin clot is formed, the next step is clot retraction, a vital process facilitated by platelet contractile proteins, such as actin and myosin. These proteins pull the fibrin strands closer together and condense the clot. This action reduces the size of the clot, creating a smaller, denser structure that effectively seals off the damaged vessel. Clot retraction consolidates the clot and helps with wound healing by bringing the edges of the damaged blood vessel closer together.
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The Citric Acid Cycle02:36

The Citric Acid Cycle

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The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle or TCA cycle, consists of several energy-generating reactions that yield one ATP molecule, three NADH molecules, one FADH2 molecule, and two CO2 molecules.
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EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents01:26

EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents

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EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
614

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Intracerebroventricular Treatment with Resiniferatoxin and Pain Tests in Mice
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三亚乙是三亚乙的一种.

Monice Fiume1, Wilma F Bergfeld2, Donald V Belsito2

  • 1Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Director.

International journal of toxicology
|September 29, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

化品成分安全专家小组再次证实,Triacetin安全用于化品. 更新的安全数据证实它在当前使用水平下继续适用于化品.

关键词:
化品 化品 化品安全的安全的安全的安全的安全.三亚乙是三亚乙的一种.

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One-pot Microwave-assisted Conversion of Anomeric Nitrate-esters to Trichloroacetimidates
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One-pot Microwave-assisted Conversion of Anomeric Nitrate-esters to Trichloroacetimidates

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A Rapid and Specific Microplate Assay for the Determination of Intra- and Extracellular Ascorbate in Cultured Cells
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One-pot Microwave-assisted Conversion of Anomeric Nitrate-esters to Trichloroacetimidates
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科学领域:

  • 化品科学 化品科学
  • 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
  • 皮肤病学 皮肤病学

背景情况:

  • 酸已被评估为化品成分的安全性.
  • 此前的安全评估是在2003年进行的.

研究的目的:

  • 审查关于Triacetin的最新安全信息.
  • 根据目前的化品产品使用情况,重新评估Triacetin的安全性.

主要方法:

  • 专家小组对最新的毒理学数据进行了审查.
  • 分析当前的产品类型,使用频率和度.
  • 重新确认之前的安全结论.

主要成果:

  • 专家小组审查了最新的信息.
  • 考虑了当前的产品类型,使用频率和度.
  • 没有发现新的安全问题.

结论:

  • 作为一种化品成分,triacetin是安全的.
  • 对于描述的使用和度实践,安全性得到证实.