种族隔离与美国745个城市的可行性之间的关联
Ben R Spoer1, Sarah E Conderino1, Taylor M Lampe1
1New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, New York, NY, USA.
Health & place
|September 29, 2023
概括
种族住宅隔离 (RRS) 与美国城市更高的社区可行性有关. 这种联系在更密集的地区更强烈,这可能解释了为什么少数群体经常生活在可步行的社区,尽管慢性疾病的发病率更高.
科学领域:
- 城市规划和公共卫生
- 环境正义 环境正义
- 卫生公平性健康公平性
背景情况:
- 美国城市的少数群体不成比例地居住在可步行的社区,尽管慢性疾病的患病率更高.
- 社区可行性和少数群体之间的关系仍然违反直觉,需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查城市层面的种族住宅隔离 (RRS) 和城市层面的可行性之间的关联.
- 探索RRS是否解释了少数群体人口地区可步行社区的更高流行率.
- 检查人口密度作为这种关联的潜在修饰因素的影响.
主要方法:
- 在美国大城市的黑人-白人和拉丁裔-白人种族隔离中使用不相似度指数 (ID) 计算RRS.
- 使用WalkScore测量了城市一级的可行性.
- 按人口密度四分位数进行分层分析.
主要成果:
- 平均步行能力随着人口密度的增加而增加.
- 较高的RRS (ID) 与增加的城市级可行性有显著的关联.
- 在不同的人口密度层之间,RRS和可行性之间的关联的强度有所不同,在密度较高的城市中更为明显.
结论:
- 种族隔离是社区可行性和少数群体之间观察到的关联的关键因素.
- 城市规划和隔离模式有助于社区环境的差异.
- 针对RRS的干预措施可能对促进城市环境中的健康公平至关重要.
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