全球36种癌症的可预防和可治疗死亡的定量估计:基于人口的研究
Clara Frick1, Harriet Rumgay2, Jérôme Vignat2
1Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany.
The Lancet. Global health
|September 29, 2023
概括
在全球范围内,在2020年发生了1.828亿例癌症过早死亡,其中68%是可以预防的,32%是可以治疗的. 解决癌症不平等问题需要降低风险,接种疫苗,早期诊断和及时治疗.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 癌症是全球过早死亡的重要原因之一.
- 这项研究量化了185个国家的过早癌症死亡率 (30-69岁).
- 死亡被归类为可以预防或可以治疗的死亡.
研究的目的:
- 为了估计全球过早癌症死亡的负担.
- 要区分可预防和可治疗的癌症死亡.
- 分析这些负担,按国家,癌症类型和人类发展指数 (HDI) 水平划分.
主要方法:
- 利用GLOBOCAN 2020数据库进行癌症死亡估计.
- 对于36种癌症类型,计算了生命损失年数 (YLLs).
- 分析了按国家,癌症,性别,年龄组和HDI水平的数据.
主要成果:
- 2020年,全球发生了1.82亿例早发性癌症年轻人死亡病例 (占总癌症负担的68.8%).
- 124.3万例年轻人死亡病例是可以预防的 (68.0%),5850万例是可以治疗的 (32.0%).
- 高 HDI 国家的肺癌主导可预防的 YLL;低 HDI 国家的宫癌. 结肠直肠癌和乳腺癌是所有HDI水平的主要可治疗癌症.
结论:
- 癌症死亡的很大比例是过早的,可以预防和治疗的.
- 癌症不平等存在于不同的HDI水平.
- 综合策略,包括降低风险因素,接种疫苗,早期诊断,查和治疗,对于减少癌症过早死亡率和不平等至关重要.
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