吸引新一代的学员:放大色彩声音
Balkozar Adam1, Cheryl S Al-Mateen2, Brandon Newsome3
1Burrell Behavioral Health and University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
|September 29, 2023
概括
美国面临着儿童心理健康危机,对种族少数群体的影响不成比例. 自杀率正在上升,特别是在美国印第安人,阿拉斯加原住民和黑人青年中,突出了迫切的干预需求.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心理健康差异的差异
背景情况:
- 美国正经历着儿童和青少年中严重的心理健康危机.
- 这场危机不成比例地影响了种族和少数民族群体,自杀率的增加令人担忧.
- 精神,行为和发育障碍在幼儿中很普遍,经常持续到成年,导致慢性残疾.
研究的目的:
- 突出儿童心理健康危机在不同种族群体的不平等影响.
- 为了强调青少年自杀的上升趋势和早期发作的精神障碍的流行.
- 确定早期干预的需要,并解决儿科精神卫生专业人员的短缺问题.
主要方法:
- 对不同种族和民族儿童和青少年自杀率的国家数据的分析.
- 审查疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 关于幼儿精神,行为和发育障碍的数据.
- 检查有关精神疾病慢性和其对少数群体不成比例影响的数据.
主要成果:
- 自杀是2021年10-24岁人群死亡的第二大原因,自2000年以来增加了52%.
- 非西班牙裔美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民年轻人面临的自杀风险最高,并观察到显著增加.
- 黑人和西班牙裔青年的自杀率也在上升,而非西班牙裔白人青年的自杀率却在下降.
- 大约每6名2至8岁的儿童中就有1名患有心理,行为或发育障碍,通常在15岁之前就开始出现.
结论:
- 迫切需要注意解决美国儿童中不断升级的心理健康危机,特别是在脆弱的种族和少数民族群体中.
- 这些发现强调了急需可及及时的早期干预措施来缓解长期残疾的必要性.
- 儿童精神病学家的严重短缺构成了提供必要的心理健康服务的障碍.
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