退休过渡期间的体力活动和自我评估健康:对公共部门雇员同时发生的变化进行多轨迹分析
Roosa Lintuaho1,2, Mikhail Saltychev2, Jaana Pentti3,4
1Department of Emergency Medicine, TYKS Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland roemti@utu.fi.
BMJ open
|September 29, 2023
概括
退休后,身体活动和自我评估的健康状况暂时有所改善. 某些生活方式因素,如男性和不吸烟,与在这个生命过渡期间的持续幸福感有关.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 退休过渡显著影响生活方式行为,包括体力活动.
- 自我评价的健康是整体幸福感的关键指标,经常受到生活变化的影响.
研究的目的:
- 分析退休期间身体活动和自我评估健康状况的同时变化.
- 确定身体活动和健康退休后不同变化轨迹的预测因素.
主要方法:
- 一项为期四年的前性队列研究,涉及3550名芬兰公共部门雇员.
- 多变量轨迹分析以确定变化子组.
- 多项式回归用于检查共变量和轨迹组之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 出现了三个不同的轨迹组,所有这些都显示了身体活动的初始增加和自我评估健康的改善.
- 身体活动在退休后18个月左右达到顶峰,随后略有下降.
- 一小组 (9%) 的最初高度活跃的个人与良好的健康自我评价保持高活动水平.
结论:
- 身体活动和自我评估的健康变化在退休过渡期间是相互关联的,改善是暂时的.
- 社会人口统计学和生活方式因素 (例如男性性别,非吸烟者,健康的BMI) 预测了更好的结果.
- 需要进行更长的后续研究,以了解长期变化.
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