从神经活动中区分声音纹理的精细结构和总结表示
Martina Berto1, Emiliano Ricciardi2, Pietro Pietrini2
1Molecular Mind Lab, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, 55100, Italy martina.berto@imtlucca.it.
eNeuro
|September 29, 2023
概括
听觉系统使用不同的神经通路来处理细节的声音和压缩的统计总结. 这些处理路径以不同的脑波速度运行,显示出自动听觉歧视.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 听觉感知是一种听觉感知.
- 计算审计建模计算审计建模
背景情况:
- 听觉系统使用本地声学特征和聚合总结统计数据处理声音.
- 声音对象识别非常依赖于大脑将声学信息压缩成总结统计数据的能力.
- 了解区分这些表示的神经基础对于听觉处理研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查局部和总结声音表示是否可以通过神经分离.
- 确定处理不同声音表示的特定神经机制和时间尺度.
- 检查这些分离是否会自动发生,没有明确的任务要求.
主要方法:
- 利用计算式听觉模型从自然和合成声音中提取统计数据.
- 记录了24名被动暴露于听觉流的人类参与者的脑电图 (EEG).
- 多种声音持续时间 (短,中,长) 来操纵本地与总结信息处理.
主要成果:
- 显示了局部和总结声音表示之间的神经分离.
- 对局部特征的听觉唤起的反应在短声音中更大,而更长的声音显示了相反的模式.
- 神经振荡显示出不同的时间尺度:局部特征的速度更快 (β频段),总结统计数据的速度更慢 (theta-alpha频段).
结论:
- 听觉系统采用单独的神经编码机制,用于细粒度的声学细节和总结统计数据.
- 这些不同的处理途径在不同的神经振荡频率 (β与theta-alpha) 上运行.
- 基于局部结构和摘要表示的审计歧视自动发生.
相关概念视频
Hearing
52.5K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
52.5K
The Cochlea
45.2K
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
45.2K
Auditory Pathway
5.5K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
5.5K
Hair Cells
40.7K
Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
40.7K
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location
233
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
233
Perception of Sound Waves
4.5K
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
4.5K


