冰川作为新型聚乙烯四甲酸化工酸盐的来源
Xiaoyan Qi1, Mukan Ji2, Chao-Fan Yin1
1State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Environmental microbiology
|September 29, 2023
概括
冰川微生物可能会降解塑料. 研究人员在冰川元基因组中发现了新的PET酶,其中一种酶GlacPETase显示出高热稳定性和聚乙烯四甲酸盐 (PET) 降解的潜力.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 聚合物科学 聚合物科学
背景情况:
- 聚乙烯二甲 (PET) 是一个普遍存在的全球微塑料污染物.
- 越来越多地在像冰川这样的原始环境中检测到PET.
- 在这些极端的,低碳息地的微生物可以利用PET作为碳来源.
研究的目的:
- 研究冰川微生物作为新型PET降解酶的潜在来源.
- 为了识别和描述来自冰川元基因组的PET水解酶.
主要方法:
- 选了全球冰川元基因组数据集的PET酸酶序列.
- 在不同的冰川环境 (阿尔卑斯山,西藏,北极,南极) 中比较了假定PET水解酶的丰富性.
- 克隆,表达和特征十二个假定的PET酶序列,包括GlacPETase,评估他们的PET薄膜降解能力和热稳定性.
主要成果:
- 从冰川元基因组中确定了414个假定的PET酶序列.
- 与北极和南极冰川相比,阿尔卑斯山和西藏冰川显示出这些酶的相对丰度更高.
- 一种新型酶,GlacPETase,证明了有效的无形PET薄膜降解,与已知的酶相似,但具有增强的热稳定性.
- GlacPETase与已知的PET水解酶具有低序列相同性 (30%),并具有独特的二硫化物桥梁,表明一种新的酶类.
结论:
- 像冰川这样的极端,低碳环境中,存在各种已知和新的PET水解酶.
- 这些酶代表了冰川微生物获得碳的适应机制.
- 由于其新的结构和热稳定性,GlacPETase在塑料回收中具有生物技术应用的潜力.
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