配方奶粉养婴儿的谷氨酸摄入量:可接受的每日摄入量是否合适?
Julie A Mennella1, Alissa D Smethers2, Michelle T Delahanty3
1Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-3308, USA. mennella@monell.org.
European journal of pediatrics
|September 30, 2023
概括
婴儿接受牛奶或水解奶粉养的婴儿超过了欧洲食品安全局 (EFSA) 推的每日谷氨酸摄入量. 这些发现凸显了更新婴儿营养指南的必要性.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 儿童营养学 儿童营养学
- 食品安全 食品安全
背景情况:
- 2017年,欧洲食品安全局 (EFSA) 确定了谷氨酸的可接受每日摄入量 (ADI) (30 mg/kg bw/day).
- 这个ADI没有纳入婴儿原始能量来源的摄入数据,例如婴儿配方奶粉.
- 目前关于婴儿谷氨酸消费的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定母牛奶配方 (CMF) 或广泛蛋白质化配方 (EHF) 养的婴儿的每日总谷氨酸摄入量.
- 为了比较接受CMF和EHF的婴儿之间的谷氨酸摄入量.
- 评估婴儿的谷氨酸摄入量是否与EFSA的ADI一致.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验,涉及141名年龄在0.5至12.5个月的健康婴儿.
- 婴儿被食CMF或EHF,其中谷氨酸含量存在显著差异.
- 评估饮食摄入量是使用体重瓶方法和/或前性饮食记录,并定期测量体重.
主要成果:
- 与食CMF的婴儿相比,被食EHF的婴儿的谷氨酸摄入量明显更高.
- 配方奶粉中的谷氨酸摄入量减少,而补充食品的摄入量在5.5个月后增加.
- 在整个12.5个月的研究期间,所有被研究的婴儿都超过了EFSA每天30毫克/千克的ADI.
结论:
- 由于缺乏关于初级能源的数据,目前EFSA对谷氨酸的ADI可能不适合婴儿.
- 婴儿从配方奶粉和补充食品中摄入的谷氨酸总是超过已确定的ADI.
- 调查结果表明,需要重新评估婴儿营养指南和父母和医疗保健提供者关于谷氨酸摄入量的沟通策略.
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