相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 15, 2025

10:42
Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh
Published on: May 3, 2019
6.8K
在Np和Pu238上对α诱导反应的激发函数的确定
1Department of Physics, Presidency College, Chennai 600005, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Physics, Government College of Engineering, Thanjavur 613402, Tamil Nadu, India.
概括
本研究使用核反应模型计算了海王星-237和-238的α粒子诱导反应截面. 结果与实验数据有很好的一致性,验证了所选择的理论方法.
科学领域:
- 核物理 核物理 核物理
- 核反应理论 核反应理论
- 计算核科学计算核科学
背景情况:
- 准确的核反应数据对于核技术应用至关重要.
- 对于核燃料循环研究来说,了解阿尔法粒子与动因化核的相互作用是很重要的.
- 之前的模型显示,在预测重元素的激发函数方面存在差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定对237Np和238Pu的α粒子诱导反应的激发函数.
- 评估不同光学模型潜力和水平密度模型的性能.
- 将理论计算与实验数据和核图书馆进行比较.
主要方法:
- 使用TALYS1.95核反应代码进行计算.
- 采用了Jeukenne-Lejeune-Mahaux-Bruyeres光学模型的阿尔法散射潜力.
- 从Hilaire的组合表和Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov计算中结合了微观的核水平密度.
主要成果:
- 对237Np和238Pu的 (α,xn) 反应计算了从值到50 MeV的刺激函数.
- 通过使用Watanabe折叠方法与Koning-Delaroche和McFadden-Satchler潜力评估了激发函数.
- 计算的截面 (使用JLMB潜力和Hilaire的平面密度) 与实验EXFOR数据之间显示出良好的对应.
结论:
- 优肯-莱-马豪-布鲁耶斯光学模型潜力与微观的核水平密度相结合,为237Np和238Pu的α诱导反应提供了可靠的预测.
- 该研究验证了使用TALYS1.95代码和特定的核模型来获取动因子反应数据的有效性.
- 这些发现有助于完善用于应用的核数据库.
相关概念视频
Radioactivity and Nuclear Equations
21.1K
Nuclear chemistry is the study of reactions that involve changes in nuclear structure. The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and, except for hydrogen, neutrons. The number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number (Z) of the element, and the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons is the mass number (A). Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers are isotopes of the same element.
A nuclide of an element has a specific number of protons and...
A nuclide of an element has a specific number of protons and...
21.1K
Types of Radioactivity
16.9K
The most common types of radioactivity are α decay, β decay, γ decay, neutron emission, and electron capture.
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay:
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay:
16.9K
Nuclear Transmutation
17.6K
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
17.6K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution
1.0K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
1.0K
Other Nuclides: 31P, 19F, 15N NMR
409
Many organic, inorganic, and biological molecules contain spin-half nuclei such as nitrogen-15, fluorine-19, and phosphorus-31. As a result, NMR studies of these nuclei have found extensive applications in chemical and biological research.
While fluorine-19 and phosphorous-31 have high natural abundances (100%) and positive gyromagnetic ratios, nitrogen-15 has a low natural abundance and a negative gyromagnetic ratio. However, nitrogen-15 is still preferred over nitrogen-14 (which has a...
While fluorine-19 and phosphorous-31 have high natural abundances (100%) and positive gyromagnetic ratios, nitrogen-15 has a low natural abundance and a negative gyromagnetic ratio. However, nitrogen-15 is still preferred over nitrogen-14 (which has a...
409
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes
676
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis, the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
676

