通过改变人类胰腺内分泌细胞发育,PAX4功能丧失增加了糖尿病风险
Hwee Hui Lau1,2, Nicole A J Krentz3,4,5, Fernando Abaitua4
1Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Proteos, Singapore.
转录因子PAX4影响2型糖尿病的风险. PAX4中的遗传变异会影响人类β细胞的功能和发育,影响胰岛素分泌,并可能导致糖尿病.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 转录因子PAX4对于小鼠的β细胞发育至关重要.
- 它在人类β细胞发育和功能中的作用在很大程度上是未知的.
- 一种特定的PAX4变体 (p.Arg192His) 与东亚人口的2型糖尿病 (T2D) 风险有关.
研究的目的:
- 研究PAX4在人类β细胞发育和功能中的作用.
- 确定PAX4基因变异对T2D风险的影响.
- 探索PAX4在胰腺内分泌细胞中的功能背后的分子机制.
主要方法:
- 通过静脉和口服葡萄糖耐受性测试进行横截面研究.
- 分析人类β细胞系 (EndoC-βH1) 与PAX4 knockdown 的分析.
- 研究人类诱导多能干细胞 (hiPSC) 衍生小岛状细胞与PAX4删除和风险等位基因.
- 在体外分化携带PAX4风险等位基因的hiPSCs.
主要成果:
- PAX4变体 (p.His192,p.Tyr186X) 与β细胞功能下降和胰岛素分泌受损有关.
- 人类β细胞中PAX4的敲击降低了胰岛素的分泌和含量.
- 在hiPSC衍生的细胞中PAX4的删除导致阿尔法细胞基因表达的改变.
- 具有PAX4风险等位基因的hiPSC显示多激素细胞增加和胰岛素含量降低,通过基因校正可逆.
结论:
- PAX4在人类内分泌细胞发育和β细胞功能中起着至关重要的作用.
- PAX4基因变异有助于2型糖尿病的风险.
- 了解PAX4的功能,可以了解T2D病原和潜在的治疗点.
更多相关视频
09:23Efficient Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells to NKX6-1+ Pancreatic Progenitors
Published on: March 7, 2017
07:44Surgical Injury to the Mouse Pancreas through Ligation of the Pancreatic Duct as a Model for Endocrine and Exocrine Reprogramming and Proliferation
Published on: August 7, 2015
相关概念视频
Cell Specific Gene Expression
Pathophysiology of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
Insulin and C-peptide are...
Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas
Exocrine function is carried out by acinar cells, organized into clusters known as acini. These cells contribute to digestion by releasing substantial quantities of enzyme-rich, alkaline digestive juices.
Concurrently, the dispersed clusters of endocrine cells throughout the...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
