加利福尼亚州卡森市硫化危机对呼吸系统和神经系统的影响
Arbor J L Quist1, Jill E Johnston1
1Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States of America.
The Science of the total environment
|October 1, 2023
概括
加利福尼亚州卡森的硫化 (H2S) 暴露与急诊室因呼吸和神经疾病的访问量显著增加有关. 这项研究强调了H2S空气质量事件对公共卫生的影响.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 加利福尼亚州卡森的居民在2021年10月报告了恶臭,头痛和呼吸系统问题等症状.
- 硫化 (H2S) 含量达到7000ppb,超过加利福尼亚州30ppb的标准大约一个月.
- 关于亚急性H2S暴露对人类健康的影响的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查卡森H2S危机与急诊室 (ED) 呼吸系统和神经系统疾病的访问之间的联系.
- 量化H2S暴露对公共卫生结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 针对特定诊断的每日ED访问率在卡森 (事件区域) 和洛杉矶县 (控制区域) 之间进行了比较.
- 使用受控中断时间序列分析来评估H2S事件期间ED访问的趋势.
- 在H2S事件期间的ED访问率与基于历史数据 (2018-2021) 的预测率进行了比较,以控制控制区域的趋势.
主要成果:
- 在卡森,呼吸系统疾病的ED访问增加了24% (RR=1.24) 和喘增加了38% (RR=1.38).
- 此外,急性上呼吸道感染 (RR=1.26),头 (RR=1.21) 和偏头痛/头痛 (RR=1.25) 的情况也显著增加.
- 这些增长与预期的增长率进行了比较,并考虑了控制区域数据.
结论:
- 卡森的H2S危机与各种呼吸道和神经系统疾病的急救室访问率增加有关.
- 减少H2S暴露和加强应急响应协议对于在H2S事件期间保护公共卫生至关重要.
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