手术的罗塞塔石:自然语言处理预测一般手术后的出院和再入院
Joshua G Kovoor1, Stephen Bacchi2, Aashray K Gupta3
1Department of Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Royal Australasian College of Surgeons, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Health and Information, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/josh.kovoor.
使用自然语言处理 (NLP) 的人工智能 (AI) 模型可以准确地预测一般外科病人的48小时内出院情况. 然而,NLP模型在预测7天出院或30天再入院的准确性较低.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 临床决策支持 临床决策支持
背景情况:
- 一般手术患者的结果,包括出院和再入院,是医院质量的关键指标.
- 使用电子健康记录的预测建模可以优化患者管理和资源分配.
研究的目的:
- 评估各种自然语言处理 (NLP) 人工智能 (AI) 模型在预测通用外科住院患者出院和再接收方面的准确性.
- 为了比较物流回归,人工神经网络和变压器 (BERT) 模型的双向编码器表示的性能.
主要方法:
- 开发并验证了NLP模型,使用来自两个南澳大利亚医院的每日病房圆周笔记和出院摘要.
- 包括14690名出院预测入院患者和12457名重新入院预测患者.
- 利用后勤回归,人工神经网络和BERT来预测在48小时和7天内出院,并在30天内再入院.
主要成果:
- 在48小时内预测放电时,BERT实现了高精度 (曲线下的面积[AUC] 0.86),超过了后勤回归 (AUC 0.82) 和人工神经网络 (AUC 0.82).
- 预测7天出院的模型性能下降,BERT实现了AUC 0.81,物流回归AUC 0.72,人工神经网络AUC 0.67.
- 在30天内重新入院的预测显示了不同的结果,在验证组中,逻辑回归达到AUC 0.62和BERT AUC 0.59.
结论:
- 现代NLP人工智能模型,特别是BERT,在预测一般外科病人的短期 (48小时) 出院时表现出很高的准确性.
- 这些人工智能方法目前在预测长期 (7天) 离院或30天再入院的患者队列中效率较低.
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