过早出生的婴儿在脚手架动的移动任务过程中表现出较低的特定任务探索能力
Jeong Ah Kim1, Sungwoo Park1, Linda Fetters1
1Division of Biokinesiology & Physical Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 1540 E. Alcazar St., CHP 155, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Journal of motor learning and development
|October 2, 2023
概括
非常和极度早产 (PT) 的婴儿表现出与满期 (FT) 婴儿相似的一般空间探索,但较少的任务特定探索. 运动能力和学习可能会影响空间探索中的这些差异.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 与满期 (FT) 婴儿相比,出生非常早和极早 (PT) 的婴儿可能会经历改变的发育轨迹.
- 了解早期的空间探索对于评估神经发育结果至关重要.
- 婴儿运动学习和空间认知是相互关联的过程.
研究的目的:
- 在移动激活任务中量化和比较早产和满期婴儿的空间探索.
- 调查PT和FT婴儿之间的一般和特定任务空间探索的差异.
- 探索学习和运动能力对PT婴儿空间探索的潜在影响.
主要方法:
- 13名PT婴儿和15名FT婴儿 (来自先前的研究) 参加了这项研究.
- 空间探索使用诸如探索体积,路径,感兴趣地区的时间和差 (垂直和水平) 等变量来衡量空间探索.
- 婴儿们了解到,横跨虚拟门的垂直脚部运动会激活移动设备.
主要成果:
- 无论是PT还是FT的婴儿都增加了对感兴趣区域的一般空间探索和时间.
- 与FT婴儿相比,PT婴儿在任务特定区域的时间较少,并且表现出比FT婴儿更大的非任务特定水平差.
- 任何一组都没有随着时间的推移改变垂直或水平杆差异.
结论:
- 过早和过期的婴儿表现出相似的一般空间探索能力.
- 与满期同龄人相比,早产婴儿表现出较少的特定任务空间探索能力.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明学习和运动技能在这些观察到的差异中的作用.
相关概念视频
Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development
The sensorimotor stage, the initial phase of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, spans the first two years of a child's life. During this period, infants actively engage with their surroundings, building cognitive awareness through direct interaction with the world. This interaction is primarily based on sensory perception and motor actions, allowing infants to gradually understand basic physical properties and predict how objects interact within their environment.
Exploration...
Exploration...
The Nativist Approach
The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to exist...


