在中国土著犬种的形态和适应性特征的基因组选择分析
Yangfeng Li1, Min Huang2, Zhenjie Wang3
1College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China.
Frontiers in veterinary science
|October 2, 2023
概括
中国的土著狗表现出高度的遗传多样性和不同的近亲繁殖水平,最近的选择压力确定了外套颜色,耳朵形状和高原适应等特征,揭示了EPAS1.1等关键基因.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 动物科学动物科学
- 狗的基因组学 狗的基因组学
背景情况:
- 中国拥有悠久的养犬的历史,拥有50多种本土品种.
- 多样化的地理位置和数千年的自然和人工选择形成了独特的中国犬种.
- 了解这些品种的遗传基础对于保护和研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查10种代表性中国土著犬种的近亲繁殖水平和模式.
- 识别与外套颜色,耳朵形状和高度适应相关的全基因组选择特征.
- 提供对中国土著狗的遗传多样性和进化历史的见解.
主要方法:
- 使用170K SNP微阵列数据计算了同卵性 (ROH) 的运行和由ROH覆盖的自体基因组比例 (FROH).
- 进行了全基因组选择分析,包括FST和跨种群扩展的单 haplotype 同性 (XP-EHH).
- 分析了与外套颜色 (例如MC1R,KITLG),高度适应 (例如EPAS1) 和耳朵形状 (例如MSRB3) 相关的特定基因区域.
主要成果:
- 楚安东猎犬 (HCSSC) 呈现了最近同胞繁殖的最高水平,与梁山犬 (SCLSQ) 不同.
- 甚至在同一品种的亚种群中也观察到显著的近亲繁殖变异.
- 在西藏犬中发现了EPAS1的强烈选择信号,这意味着它与高原适应有关.
- 发现了用于外套颜色的候选基因 (MC1R,KITLG,SOX5,RSPO2,TBX15) 和用于垂耳特征的MSRB3.
结论:
- 中国的土著狗表现出多样化的近期进化事件影响的同胞繁殖模式.
- 全基因组分析揭示了正在选择中的特定基因,这有助于在不同环境中的适应性特征.
- 这项研究增强了我们对中国土著犬种的遗传结构和化历史的理解.
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