在刑事司法系统记录中错误分类与枪支有关的暴力犯罪:挑战和机遇
Julia P Schleimer1,2, Ayah Mustafa3, Rachel Ross3
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. jps36@uw.edu.
Injury epidemiology
|October 2, 2023
概括
华盛顿州的刑法大大低估了与枪支有关的犯罪,尤其是暴力犯罪. 这种错误分类阻碍了在法律系统数据中准确测量枪支伤害.
科学领域:
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 法律研究 法律研究
背景情况:
- 刑事法律系统的数据是了解与枪支有关的伤害的宝贵来源.
- 不准确的刑法条例可能会阻碍对枪支犯罪的准确测量.
- 这项研究解决了华盛顿州枪支犯罪刑事法规中的错误分类问题.
研究的目的:
- 量化华盛顿州刑事法典中错误分类的程度,以衡量与枪支有关的犯罪.
- 用刑事法典对比枪支相关指控与手动审查可能原因文件.
主要方法:
- 分析了华盛顿高级法院对5390起轻罪案件的分析 (1/1/2015 - 12/31/2019).
- 通过刑事法典确定的与枪支有关的指控与手动审查可能原因文件的比较.
- 敏感度和负预测值 (NPV) 的计算用于刑事法典的分类.
主要成果:
- 刑事法典发现1.4%的案件与枪支有关,而手册审查发现8.1%.
- 刑事法典的敏感度为17.6%,NPV为93.2%.
- 与枪支有关的犯罪通常涉及威胁,持有或指着枪支;非暴力案件中,非法持有很常见.
结论:
- 华盛顿州的刑法大大低估了与枪支有关的犯罪.
- 对于与枪支相关的暴力犯罪来说,计数不足尤为重要.
- 犯罪记录可以用于与政策相关的研究,但需要仔细考虑错误分类.
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