在约束环境条件下的过渡生态系统中,两种同情的捕食者的共存:从空间和息地使用的角度来看
Chloé Warret Rodrigues1, James D Roth2
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, 50 Sifton Road, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada. warretrc@myumanitoba.ca.
Movement ecology
|October 2, 2023
概括
气候变化推动了物种范围的扩大,改变了生态系统. 红狐 (Vulpes vulpes) 和北极狐 (Vulpes lagopus) 之间的物种间竞争可能会在异质的景观中减少,可能有利于本地物种.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 气候变化生物学 气候变化生物学
- 野生动物生态生态学
背景情况:
- 由于气候变化导致的物种范围的扩大,对生态社区产生重大影响.
- 扩张和本地物种之间的竞争是社区变化的关键因素.
研究的目的:
- 评估正在扩张的红狐 (Vulpes vulpes) 和本土的北极狐 (Vulpes lagopus) 之间的跨物种竞争和干扰的潜力.
- 评估景观异质性如何影响空间利用和竞争动态在关键生殖期.
主要方法:
- 对236只狐进行了形态测量分析,以确定尺寸差异和干扰潜力.
- 17只狐的卫星遥测检查了空间和息地使用,以及物种间的相互作用.
- 时间-LocoH和Minta的指数被用来量化空间使用和时空相互作用.
主要成果:
- 中间尺寸差异表明干扰升级的可能性很高,但在低密度的红狐群中观察到共存.
- 低距离的重叠表明了空间的领土性和利用竞争.
- 不同的息地使用 (森林与海洋) 和低干扰表明共存,内部竞争可能比红狐的物种间竞争更强.
结论:
- 不同质的景观可以减轻物种间的竞争,允许独占资源使用,并可能有利于本地物种.
- 扩大物种的息地稀缺可能会增加物种内竞争,导致自我限制.
- 虽然扩张的物种最初可能受益于干扰,但适应新的非生物条件和资源可用性最终将决定长期的成功和潜在的本地物种灭绝.
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