紧急医疗事件的日常模式
Mary E Helander1,2, Margaret K Formica3, Dessa K Bergen-Cico2
1Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Department of Social Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York.
Journal of biological rhythms
|October 3, 2023
概括
紧急医疗服务 (EMS) 的调度显示出可预测的日常模式,下午达到峰值. 这与之前对胸痛和心脏病发作等疾病的研究结果形成鲜明对比,这表明普遍的日常节奏会影响紧急呼叫.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 紧急医疗服务 (EMS) 的发送对于公共卫生响应至关重要.
- 了解EMS发送的时间模式可以改善资源分配和公共卫生干预.
- 之前的研究表明,对于某些医疗紧急情况,特定的高峰时间通常在早上.
研究的目的:
- 检查时间标记的EMS发送的人口一级的日常模式.
- 建立紧急医疗呼叫的情况可预测性.
- 为了确定一个共同的日常节奏是否会影响各种医疗紧急情况的发送类型.
主要方法:
- 对311,848,450条美国国家紧急医疗服务信息系统 (NEMSIS) 记录 (2010-2022) 的分析.
- 应用可视化,正弦回归和统计测试来分析每小时呼叫分布.
- 在33个主要的出货类别中比较经验累积分布和回归系数.
主要成果:
- 在所有33个主要的EMS调度类别中都发现了强的每日模式,在统计学上显著的中午峰值 (p < 0.0001).
- 侧侧回归模型显示出高的解释能力 (R2 0.84-0.99),表明强烈的潜在每日节奏.
- 这些发现与先前针对特定疾病的研究形成鲜明对比,如胸痛,中风和心脏骤停,尤其是心脏病发作,其中显示下午中午的峰值,而不是早上一点.
- 这种模式在每个月,季节,夏令时和COVID-19前后期间保持一致.
结论:
- 可预测的日常节律,与日光和睡眠/觉醒周期保持一致,显著影响所有主要EMS发送类型的时间.
- 鉴定的模式挑战了长期以来关于几种关键医疗紧急情况的高峰时间的假设.
- 这些发现支持进一步研究因果风险和与紧急医疗需求的日常变化相关的保护因素.
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