压力转移超越了注射诱导的无地震滑动,并触发了地震性
Yuyun Yang1, Hongfeng Yang2,3,4, Jinping Zi1
1Earth and Environmental Sciences Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Scientific reports
|October 3, 2023
概括
工业液体注射可以通过快速压力转移触发远处的地震,这种机制比以前想象的要快. 这一发现有助于解释在中国等地区观察到的地震性迁移.
科学领域:
- 地质物理学 地质物理学
- 地震科学 地震科学 地震科学
- 工业的地震性 工业的地震性
背景情况:
- 像水力压裂这样的工业活动可以引起地震,即使在孔隙压力扩散不足的距离上也是如此.
- 现有理论认为,多弹性应力和无地震滑动是远距离地震触发机制.
研究的目的:
- 调查快速应力转移作为触发远距离地震的机制,从地下液体注入.
- 解释地震发生和迁移模式,超过无地震滑坡前线的速度.
主要方法:
- 在注射诱导的无地震滑动之前,建模应力转移动态.
- 分析了中国岩页岩气田的水力压裂作业的地震性数据.
主要成果:
- 显著的应力转移发生在注射诱导的无地震滑动之前,以高速传播.
- 压力转移的速度受背景压力水平和注射速率的影响.
- 观测到的地震性迁移速率可能比非地震性滑行前传播更快.
结论:
- 快速压力转移是一种可行的机制,可以触发与液体注射相关的远距离地震.
- 这种机制解释了在工业区观察到的快速地震性迁移.
- 了解应力转移动态对于减轻与地下液体注入相关的地震风险至关重要.
相关概念视频
Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses
210
As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
210
Plastic Behavior
218
A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
218
Impact Loading
220
Impact loading occurs when a moving object collides with a stationary structure, such as a rod with a uniform cross-sectional area fixed at one end. Under these conditions, the rod absorbs the kinetic energy from the striking object, leading to deformation and subsequent stress development. As the rod returns to its original position and reaches maximum stress, the absorbed energy, initially manifested as kinetic energy, transforms entirely into strain energy.
In cases of elastic deformation,...
In cases of elastic deformation,...
220
Muscle Stimulation Frequency
2.3K
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
2.3K
Elastic Strain Energy for Normal Stresses
188
Strain energy quantifies the energy stored within a material due to deformation under loading conditions, a fundamental concept in materials science and engineering. The strain energy can be modeled when a material is subjected to axial loading with uniformly distributed stress. In this scenario, the stress experienced by the material is the internal force divided by the cross-sectional area, and the strain induced is directly proportional to this stress through the modulus of elasticity.
If...
If...
188
Stresses under Combined Loadings
169
When analyzing a bent tube with a circular cross-section subjected to multiple forces, it is crucial to determine the stress distribution in order to maintain structural integrity under varied load conditions.
The process begins by slicing the tube at critical points and analyzing the internal forces and stress components at these sections, focusing on the centroid. Normal stresses, generated by axial forces and bending moments, are either compressive or tensile and vary across the section from...
The process begins by slicing the tube at critical points and analyzing the internal forces and stress components at these sections, focusing on the centroid. Normal stresses, generated by axial forces and bending moments, are either compressive or tensile and vary across the section from...
169


