一项系统性审查,评估美国国家运行的退出线利用和有效性的差异
David C Colston1, Jennifer L Cruz1, Bethany J Simard1
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
国家经营的戒烟线显示,少数民族和较低社会经济群体的使用率更高. 然而,在某些种族/民族和社会经济群体中,戒烟有效性的差异仍然存在,这表明需要有针对性的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
- 戒烟的方法 戒烟戒烟的方法
背景情况:
- 烟草吸烟在美国是一个重大的公共卫生挑战,由广泛的社会人口差异加剧.
- 国家经营的戒烟线路为更多人获得戒烟服务提供了潜在的途径,旨在减轻与吸烟有关的这些差异.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合现有的关于社会人口统计学差异在使用和有效性国家运行的退出线的文献.
主要方法:
- 使用PubMed和Web of Science进行了全面的文献搜索,遵循PRISMA指南.
- 包括1992年至2019年间发表的研究评估了国家经营的戒断线利用率或戒断效率,跨越各种社会人口因素 (性别,种族/种族,性/性别认同,社会经济地位).
主要成果:
- 戒烟线的使用率在黑人和亚洲/太平洋岛民以及收入和教育水平较低的人群中更高.
- 然而,女性,美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加土著人和社会经济地位较低的人的戒烟有效性低于各自的同行.
结论:
- 虽然受影响不成比例的社区更多地使用戒烟线,但在美国印第安人/阿拉斯加土著人和较低社会经济地位的人口中,在戒烟成功方面存在持续的差异.
- 这些发现强调了需要量身定制的策略,以提高各种社会人口统计学群体的戒烟效率.
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