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疼痛治疗的阳性副作用
Christopher Gharibo1, Asbjørn M Drewes2, Frank Breve3
1Pain Management, NYU Langone Health, New York City, USA.
Cureus
|October 4, 2023
概括
管理疼痛需要平衡利益与风险. 诸如外围作用的片受体对抗剂等新疗法解决了副作用,而对于管理多药的老年患者来说,仔细的药物审查至关重要.
科学领域:
- 疼痛管理 疼痛管理
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 老年医学 老年医学
背景情况:
- 有效的疼痛管理策略必须权衡止痛效益与重大风险.
- 干预手术可能会导致创伤性不良事件,包括神经损伤和灾难性后果.
- 药理性止痛药,即使是非处方药,也会带来潜在的副作用.
研究的目的:
- 审查各种疼痛管理方案的风险和益处.
- 突出阿片类药物引起的便秘的挑战,并引入新的治疗方法.
- 为了解决老年患者多药学的复杂性和药物评估的重要性.
主要方法:
- 对疼痛管理模式的文献综述,重点关注干预和药理方法.
- 讨论阿片类药物诱导的便秘和外围作用的mu-阿片类受体抗剂的机制.
- 对老年人多种药物的分析,包括禁忌,药物相互作用和处方考虑.
主要成果:
- 虽然阿片类药物治疗是有效的,但经常会导致限制性副作用,如便秘,对常规药无反应.
- 边缘作用的mu-阿片类受体对抗剂通过向胃肠道阿片类受体提供了一个有希望的解决方案,保持无系统副作用的止痛作用.
- 老年患者的多药性治疗存在重大安全问题,需要仔细审查药物使用情况,并可能停止处方.
结论:
- 为了平衡疼痛缓解和安全性,需要仔细考虑治疗选择和潜在的不良事件.
- 新的药理学药物正在出现,以减轻必要的止痛药的常见副作用.
- 系统的药物评估和管理对于优化老年患者的护理至关重要,特别是那些患有多种并发症和药物的老年患者.
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