接种疫苗可以预防COVID-19后的IL-1β介导的认知缺陷
Abigail Vanderheiden1,2, Jeremy Hill1,2, Xiaoping Jiang1,2
1Center for Neuroimmunology and Neuroinfectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Research square
|October 4, 2023
概括
SARS-CoV-2 感染会通过增加大脑中白蛋白-1β (IL-1β) 的含量导致认知缺陷,这会损害记忆力. 接种疫苗可以通过阻止突破性感染期间IL-1β的产生来预防这种情况.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 后急性认知后果,包括记忆功能障碍,影响了相当一部分的SARS-CoV-2患者.
- 与COVID-19相关的认知障碍以及疫苗接种的保护作用背后的机制尚不清楚.
- 在COVID-19患者中观察到海马体中高水平的干白素-1 (IL-1),这表明它在神经炎症中起作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查SARS-CoV-2引起的认知障碍的机制.
- 确定互白素-1β (IL-1β) 在COVID-19相关记忆缺陷中的作用.
- 评估针对SARS-CoV-2引起的认知功能障碍的疫苗接种的保护作用.
主要方法:
- 在C57BL/6J小鼠的鼻腔内感染了SARS-CoV-2β变体.
- 对单细胞透和微质激活的中枢神经系统 (CNS) 分析.
- 测量大脑中的IL-1β水平,评估海马神经发生.
- 在感染和接种疫苗的小鼠中评估认知功能和记忆缺陷.
主要成果:
- 感染SARS-CoV-2导致中枢神经系统单细胞透和微质激活.
- 病毒增加了大脑IL-1β水平,导致持续的IL-1受体1 (IL-1R1) 介导的海马神经发生的损失.
- 这种神经生成损失促进了后急性认知缺陷,与H1N1流感病毒感染不同.
- 在突破性感染期间,用腺病毒载体尖端蛋白接种疫苗可以防止IL-1β的产生,神经发生损失和记忆缺陷.
结论:
- 介质素-1β (IL-1β) 被确定为SARS-CoV-2引起的认知障碍的关键调解者.
- 用腺病毒载体Spike蛋白进行疫苗接种可以防止SARS-CoV-2引起的记忆缺陷.
- 这项研究提出了一种新的小鼠模型,用于调查COVID-19相关的认知功能障碍和疫苗接种的有效性.
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