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英国NEQAS对H&I的HLA打字外部能力测试计划的历史和演变

A De'Ath¹, M T Rees¹, D Pritchard¹

¹UK National External Quality Assessment Service for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics, Welsh Blood Service, Cardiff, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in genetics

|October 4, 2023

概括

英国尼克斯对组织相容性和免疫遗传学 (H&I) 提供了重要的外部能力测试 (EPT) 的人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 类型. 虽然大多数测试的准确性很高,但对胆固醇病的HLA基因定型的挑战凸显了需要改进解释和教育的需要.

科学领域:

免疫遗传学免疫遗传学
临床实验室科学临床实验室科学
质量保证质量保证质量保证

背景情况:

外部能力测试 (EPT) 对于临床实验室质量保证至关重要,特别是对于移植所必不可少的人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 类型化.
英国国家外部质量评估服务 (NEQAS) 组织相容性和免疫遗传学 (H&I) 已经提供EPT方案超过45年,不断发展以满足技术进步.

研究的目的:

审查英国NEQAS为H&I提供的HLA类型EPT方案的历史发展和当前范围.
评估参与这些计划的实验室的表现,并确定需要改进的领域.

主要方法:

从1975年到现在的历史数据和方案演变的审查,包括表型,基因型和下一代测序.
对各种HLA类型测定EPT方案的实验室性能数据的分析,包括HLA-B27,HLA*B*57:01和HLA-DQ用于腹腔疾病.

主要成果:

在2017-2022年期间,观察到HLA表型,基因型,HLA-B27和HLA*B*57:01测试的高准确率 (>96%).
鉴定出HLA对胆固醇病的基因定型中的重大错误率 (22%-46%),归因于解释挑战和套装插件问题.
计划评估导致有针对性的干预措施,以教育参与者并提高临床服务质量.

结论:

英国H&I EPT计划的NEQAS已经成功地适应了不断发展的HLA类型化技术和临床需求.
在解释HLA基因型定型对于腹腔疾病的具体挑战需要有针对性的教育策略来提高实验室性能.
在HLA类型的持续质量改进依赖于强大的EPT和解决后分析解释问题.

关键词:

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