在急性感冒期间,GCN2是维持小鼠核心体温的必要条件
Jordan L Levy1, Emily T Mirek1, Esther M Rodriguez1
1Department of Nutritional Sciences, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States.
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism
|October 4, 2023
概括
营养感应激酶一般控制不可抑制的2 (GCN2) 对于适应性热生成至关重要. GCN2的激活支持热量生成,通过在寒冷暴露期间促进棕色脂肪组织中氨基酸的吸收.
科学领域:
- 代谢过程中的代谢.
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
背景情况:
- 在低温期间,无热生成对于产生热量至关重要.
- 营养素的可用性会影响身体对寒冷压力的反应.
研究的目的:
- 调查营养感应激酶一般控制不可抑制2 (GCN2) 在急性寒冷暴露期间适应性热生成中的作用.
- 要确定通过综合应激反应 (ISR) 激活GCN2是否促进肝脏FGF21的产生和氨基酸的运输,从而促进发热.
主要方法:
- 在冷暴露研究中使用了GCN2缺乏的小鼠 (两性) 和GCN2抑制剂.
- 在棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 上进行RNA测序.
- 测量能量消耗,核心体温,循环和细胞内氨基酸水平.
主要成果:
- 缺乏GCN2的小鼠表现出能量消耗受损,并在寒冷压力时进入昏迷状态.
- 在男性中,GCN2删除减少了肝脏FGF21的产生,但在女性中却没有.
- 寒冷暴露激活了男女BAT中的ISR,这一过程依赖于GCN2.
- GCN2缺陷改变了与actomyosin机制和氨基酸运输相关的BAT基因表达.
- GCN2的删除导致了循环氨基酸的增加和冷时在BAT中的细胞内氨基酸的减少.
结论:
- 在适应性热生成中,GCN2扮演着关键的,性别独立的角色.
- 通过促进氨基酸吸收到棕色脂肪组织中,GCN2激活支持热生成.
- 在冷适应过程中,GCN2影响了BAT中的actomyosin机制和跨膜传输.
相关概念视频
01:29Decreased Body Temperature
630
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
630
01:26Thermoregulation
1.0K
The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
1.0K
01:19Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature
140
Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
140
01:25Increased Body Temperature
690
A body temperature above 38°C (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
690
02:45Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
13.6K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.6K
01:25Body Temperature
989
The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
989