[巴西监狱系统中的结核病:通过Joinpoint的情景,2007年至2019年]
Nancy Meriane de Nóvoa-Lôbo1, Mônica Rodrigues Campos1, Débora Castanheira Pires2
1Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de janeiro, Brasil.
Cadernos de saude publica
|October 4, 2023
概括
与巴西普通人口相比,结核病 (TB) 患病率在监禁人员中显著增加. 国家卫生政策在监狱内部的影响有限,突出了迫切的公共卫生问题.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生政策分析 卫生政策分析
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是一个重大的全球卫生挑战,特别是在聚集的环境中.
- 了解监狱中的结核病趋势对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
- 巴西在监狱系统内的传染病管理方面面临着独特的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 从2007年到2019年,比较监禁人员和巴西普通人口之间的结核病 (TB) 趋势.
- 分析国家卫生政策对监狱系统结核病控制的影响.
- 检查结核病患病率,艾滋病毒检测率,以及与监狱容量相关的被拘留者人口动态.
主要方法:
- 追溯性,定量性和分析性研究设计.
- 使用Joinpoint回归工具进行时间序列分析.
- 来自SINAN,IBGE和DEPEN报告的二次数据.
主要成果:
- 在所有分析的视角上,在监狱人口中观察到显著更高的结核病患病率增加.
- 在被拘留者中增加了艾滋病毒检测率.
- 与监狱容量相比,被拘留者数量的稳定趋势是有争议的.
结论:
- 国家结核病控制政策和国家为监狱系统中被剥夺自由的人提供综合医疗保健政策 (PNAISP) 在惩戒设施内表现出有限的影响.
- 结核病发病率,服务提供和决定因素之间的时间差异表明政策实施存在挑战.
- 调查结果强调,尽管数据有限,但在巴西监狱系统中需要定制战略来解决结核病问题.
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