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侧向基因转移会产生辅助基因,这些基因在草系中以不同的速度积累
Pauline Raimondeau1,2, Matheus E Bianconi1, Lara Pereira1
1Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
The New phytologist
|October 4, 2023
概括
侧向基因转移 (LGT) 迅速将新基因引入草基因组,这些基因很快就会丢失. 这种基因循环推动了草种的遗传变异和适应.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 人口遗传学 人口遗传学
背景情况:
- 侧向基因转移 (LGT) 是植物,特别是草的重要进化机制.
- 了解LGT的动态,包括获取和丢失率,对于理解草基因组进化至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,LGT在草中广泛存在,但对其在一个属内的动态的详细分析是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和表征草属Alloteropsis中的横向获得的基因.
- 量化LGT事件后的基因获取和丢失率.
- 研究LGT对基因组进化和Alloteropsis.内遗传变异的影响.
主要方法:
- 来自Alloteropsis (A.semialata和A.angusta) 的五个de novo参考基因组的全基因组测序.
- 再次测序了40个额外的Alloteropsis个体.
- 用随机特征映射推断LGT获取时间和基因增加和损失率的家族遗传学分析.
- 使用指数衰变模型对基因周转的分析.
主要成果:
- 在五个参考基因组 (32-100个基因组) 中识别了168个横向获得的基因.
- 在基因系中,LGT获取率 (6-28每万年) 和随后的基因丢失率 (11-24%每万年) 的显著变化.
- 与垂直遗传的基因相比,横向获得的基因表现出更高的损失率.
- 横向获得的基因的高周转率有助于Alloteropsis pangenome中的特定基因含量变异和辅助基因.
结论:
- LGT是Alloteropsis中的一个动态过程,其特点是快速获取和高基因丢失率.
- 横向获得的基因的高周转率产生了相当大的基因变异.
- 这种变异为草的本地适应和进化创新提供了原材料.
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