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The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness02:19

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The Y chromosome is a sex chromosome found in several vertebrates and mammals, including humans. In addition to 22 pairs of autosomes, the human males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. In these organisms, the presence or absence of the Y chromosome determines the development of male traits.
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Around 300 million years ago, the two sex chromosomes diverged from two identical autosomal chromosomes. Over time, the Y chromosome has lost most of its genes, shrinking in size....
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父亲份额预测了儿子的胎儿丸激素.

Ruth Fishman1,2, Lee Koren3, Rachel Ben-Shlomo4

  • 1Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel. ruthevolu@gmail.com.

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概括

努特里亚雌性可能保持多重父权,以增加 litter 遗传多样性,这是一个投注对冲策略. 这种生殖策略可以提高后代的生存率,特别是在面临遗传瓶的入侵种群中.

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科学领域:

  • 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
  • 行为生态学 行为生态学
  • 侵袭性物种管理 侵袭性物种管理

背景情况:

  • 多个父亲,一个雌性后代有多个父亲,在许多物种中很常见.
  • 虽然男性的好处是显而易见的,但女性的好处,如"好基因"或增加 litter 遗传多样性的理解较少.
  • 努特里亚 (Myocastor coypus) 是入侵性动物,具有多妻性交配系统,有利于主导性雄性.

研究的目的:

  • 为了调查多重父亲的发病率和维持在nutria.
  • 探索可能的适应性解释为女性nutria多重父权.
  • 检查胎儿丸激素水平与父权和男性主导关系.

主要方法:

  • 从被除的营养体中对子宫内胎儿的遗传分析.
  • 在整个妊娠期间量化多重父亲的发生率.
  • 测量胎儿丸激素水平与 sire 和男性优势的关系.

主要成果:

  • 在nutria中观察到多重父亲的高发病率,在整个妊娠期间保持.
  • 由主导男性生育的男性胎儿表现出更高的丸激素水平.
  • 由较少主导 ("罕见") 雄性生育的男性胎儿的丸激素水平较低,尽管保持了.

结论:

  • 努特里亚雌性可能保持多重父权,作为增加 litter 遗传多样性的投注对冲策略.
  • 这一策略可能有利于入侵物种通过遗传瓶来殖民新的环境.
  • 观察到的模式表明,子遗传多样性和个体后代的繁殖成功之间存在潜在的权衡.