在鱼,鱼类,鱼和金枪鱼的骨融合,以及通过海洋生态系统进化的可能的生态联系
Ryosuke Motani1, Kenshu Shimada2,3,4
1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. rmotani@ucdavis.edu.
Scientific reports
|October 4, 2023
概括
形游泳在四个分类中融合进化,它们具有明显的脊椎骨特征. 这些适应性促进了有效的游泳,为海洋掠食者身体计划的演变提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 比较解剖学的比较解剖学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 形体型的图案在金枪鱼,鱼,鱼和鱼类鱼中演变得趋同.
- 这种趋同背后的骨特征在很大程度上是未知的.
- 了解这些特征有助于识别化石种群中的形游泳.
研究的目的:
- 为了在四个不同的类别中识别与形体平面相关的共享骨特征.
- 研究这些骨特征对形游泳机制的功能影响.
- 将这些发现应用于推断已灭绝的海洋脊椎动物的形游泳能力.
主要方法:
- 在金枪鱼,鱼,鱼和鱼类之间对脊椎中心尺寸的比较分析.
- 识别与脊柱和脚形态相关的共享骨特征.
- 基于文献对这些特征的化石种类 (摩萨索,白时期的形鱼) 的评估.
主要成果:
- 所有四个形骨都有三个共同的骨特征,包括相对于其长度而言厚厚的脊柱.
- 更多的特征是鱼,鱼和鱼类共享的,也只有鱼和鱼类.
- 莫萨萨乌斯缺乏关键的形特征,这表明它不是形游泳,而白时期的鱼显示出各种特征.
结论:
- 共同的脊椎特征对于形游泳机制至关重要,包括尾部振荡,稳定和控制.
- 这些特征的定量识别允许推断灭绝的动物中的形运动.
- 形游泳的进化与生态因素有关,例如猎物的可用性和地质时间上的利基划分.
相关概念视频
01:54Convergent Evolution
27.8K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
27.8K
03:21Phylogenetic Trees
45.4K
Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.
45.4K
02:55The Evidence for Evolution
42.9K
Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
42.9K
02:35What is Evolutionary History?
36.5K
Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.
36.5K
01:23Phylogeny
44.2K
Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
44.2K
02:56The Fossil Record
25.2K
The fossil record documents only a small fraction of all organisms that have ever inhabited Earth. Fossilization is a rare process, and most organisms never become fossils. Moreover, the fossil record only exhibits fossils that have been discovered. Nevertheless, sedimentary rock fossils of long-lived, abundant, hard-bodied organisms dominate the fossil record. These fossils offer valuable information, such as an organism's physical form, behavior, and age. Studying the fossil record helps...
25.2K