在进化,生理学和机器物理学的两种昆虫飞行模式之间建立桥梁
Jeff Gau1,2, James Lynch3, Brett Aiello4,5,6
1Interdisciplinary Bioengineering Graduate Program, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Nature
|October 4, 2023
概括
昆虫飞行主要通过两种模式进化:同步和异步的肌肉激活. 这些模式实际上是两个相同的动态, 允许它们之间的进化过渡.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学
- 生物力学
- 昆虫的飞行
背景情况:
- 昆虫有两种不同的飞行肌肉激活模式:同步和异步.
- 异步飞行允许比典型的神经肌肉系统更高的翼跳频率.
- 这些模式之间的进化途径和过渡控制尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究同步和异步昆虫飞行模式的进化历史.
- 了解控制飞行模式之间的生物物理机制.
- 设计一个能够在飞行模式之间切换的机器人系统.
主要方法:
- 为了追踪异步飞行的演变,
- 生物物理模型统一同步和异步飞行动态.
- 使用昆虫规模机器人的机器物理实验来演示模式转换.
主要成果:
- 异步飞行可能在订单级别演变过一次,随后又转变为同步飞行.
- 一个同步的物种保留了异步的肌肉生理.
- 同步飞行和异步飞行是相同的底层动态的两个模式,由一个生理参数空间连接.
- 一个机器人系统成功地展示了飞行模式之间的转换.
结论:
- 昆虫飞行模式的演变是通过两个相同动态的模式之间的过渡来解释的.
- 生理参数的变化决定了飞行模式的切换.
- 机器人飞行可以从机器人系统所展示的自我激发的翼拍策略中获益.
相关概念视频
01:54Convergent Evolution
27.8K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
27.8K
01:47Osmoregulation in Insects
16.3K
Malpighian tubules are specialized structures found in the digestive systems of many arthropods, including most insects, that handle excretion and osmoregulation. The tubules are typically arranged in pairs and have a convoluted structure that increases their surface area.
16.3K
01:38Limits to Natural Selection
31.4K
Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly adapted organisms. Several factors constrain natural selection.
31.4K