饮食障碍的心理治疗:来自快速审查的发现
Haley Russell1, Phillip Aouad2, Anvi Le3
1InsideOut Institute, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Level 2, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Journal of eating disorders
|October 4, 2023
概括
基于认知行为和家庭的疗法对饮食障碍最有效. 需要进一步的研究来改善所有饮食障碍表现和群体的结果.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 心理治疗是饮食障碍治疗的核心,解决行为,心理和社会因素.
- 现有的心理治疗干预措施显示优于安慰剂和等候名单对照,但结果需要改进.
- 本综述巩固了关于有效饮食障碍心理治疗的知识,突出了新兴干预措施,并确定了研究缺口.
研究的目的:
- 建立和巩固有关有效饮食障碍心理治疗的知识.
- 为突出选择新兴的心理治疗干预饮食障碍.
- 识别知识差距,为未来的饮食障碍治疗研究和开发提供信息.
主要方法:
- 作为国家饮食障碍研究和翻译战略系列的一部分,采用了快速审查方法.
- 搜索了三个数据库,查找2009年至2023年期间发表的高级证据研究 (元分析,系统审查,RCT,受控队列,人口研究).
- 对饮食障碍心理治疗的综合数据.
主要成果:
- 基于认知行为和家庭的疗法拥有对神经性厌食症,神经性 Bulimia 和过度饮食障碍的最大证据库.
- 人际关系和辩证行为疗法表现出积极的结果;新出现的证据支持接受和承诺,整合性认知情感,暴露,正念和情感集中治疗.
- 有限证据表明,针对避免性/限制性食物摄入障碍和其他/未指定的食和饮食障碍的心理治疗.
结论:
- 行为和认知行为心理治疗目前是最受研究支持的饮食障碍治疗方法.
- 心理治疗干预效果的变化需要投资于增强和新的方法来改善结果.
- 为了确定最佳干预措施,对各种饮食障碍表现和人群进行进一步的调查至关重要.
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