超越功能收益:加强对潜在的流行病原体研究的监督
Gregory D Koblentz1, Rocco Casagrande2
1Schar School of Policy and Government, George Mason University, Arlington, USA.
Pathogens and global health
|October 5, 2023
概括
目前的P3CO框架管理研究潜在的流行病原体需要加强. 建议制定新的国家政策和机构,加强对危险生物研究的生物安全和生物安全监督.
科学领域:
- 生物安全和生物安全.
- 传染病研究 传染病研究
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 卫生与人类服务部的P3CO框架 (关注双重用途研究监督政策) 于2017年建立,以规范可能提高病原体致死性或传染性的研究.
- 随着COVID-19的流行,人们越来越担心人造病毒和实验室释放的病原体带来的风险,无论它们的来源是自然还是人工.
- 现有政策面临审查,因为疫情的全球影响和实验室事故或故意滥用的灾难性后果.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地评估现有的P3CO框架的有效性和局限性.
- 提出一个更强大,更全面的国家政策来监督有潜力制造流行病性病原体的研究.
- 建议建立一个专门的国家机构,以有效地管理生物风险.
主要方法:
- 对P3CO框架的优缺点进行政策分析.
- 通过COVID-19大流行突出了生物安全和生物安全问题的审查.
- 对具有重大后果的生物研究监督机制的比较评估.
主要成果:
- "P3CO框架"在范围和实施方面存在局限性,特别是在资金来源和缺乏中央监督机构方面.
- 随着COVID-19的流行,人们迫切需要加强全球生物安全和生物安全措施,以促进功能增益的研究.
- 目前的监督机制可能无法充分解决与研究潜在的流行病原体相关的全部风险.
结论:
- 应取代P3CO框架,制定适用于所有相关研究的新国家政策,无论资金来源如何.
- 为了有效监督,一个专门负责生物风险管理的新国家机构至关重要.
- 实施需要进行彻底的风险分析,明确的识别标准,严格的审查过程以及明确的安全措施.
相关概念视频
Steps in Outbreak Investigation
139
In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
139
Principles of Disease Surveillance
110
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
110
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response
2.5K
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
2.5K
Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact
170
Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with...
170
Ethics in Research
23.0K
Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
23.0K
Biological Methods for Microbial Control
45
Biological agents offer an effective means of controlling microbial growth by leveraging natural processes like predation, competition, and the secretion of antimicrobial substances.Predatory bacteria such as Bdellovibrio species target and kill pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. They are widely used in poultry farms to control infections. Myxococcus species help combat plant-pathogenic fungi. These naturally occurring predators serve as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides and...
45


