在南非的狩猎采集者/牧民中的这些变化和活动模式从全新世纪开始
Elizabeth Dinkele1, Victoria Elaine Gibbon1
1Division of Clinical Anatomy and Biological Anthropology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
American journal of biological anthropology
|October 5, 2023
概括
南非狩猎采集者/牧民的体力活动因地区生态而异,而不是年龄或性别. 这些变化 (ECs) 揭示了与生物群特异性资源成本和地形差异相关的独特活动模式.
科学领域:
- 古人类学古人类学.
- 生物考古学的生物考古学
- 人类生态人类生态学
背景情况:
- 南非的Holocene狩猎采集者/牧民生活方式是动态的,生存和流动性因地区和时间而异.
- 了解身体活动模式对于重建过去的人类行为和适应至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估体内变化 (ECs) 的空间和时间变化,作为全新纪南非狩猎采集者/牧民 (sAHGH) 身体活动的标志物.
- 研究区域生态,年龄,性别和时间性对身体活动模式的影响.
主要方法:
- 考因布拉方法被用来评估来自Holocene的118个sAHGH个体的纤维软骨性ECs.
- 描述性统计和一般化估计方程分析了与性别,年龄,生态生物群和时间相关的EC.
主要成果:
- 在94%的样本中发现了这些变化,在森林生物群中的个体中观察到显著的EC,而在芬博斯生物群和 succulent karoo生物群中则观察到显著的EC.
- 身体活动模式主要受到区域生态和生物群特异性因素 (资源成本,地形) 的影响,而不是年龄或性别.
- 只有在放牧引入后 (2000年前) 才发现了EC的时间差异,当它们按生态生物群分层时.
结论:
- 区域生态是sAHGH活动模式的主要驱动因素,不论是社会或文化因素.
- 生态生物提供了一个研究资源可用性对人类生物学,活动和行为随时间推移的影响的框架.
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