上向下决策驱动的对等效应和下向上输入驱动的对等效应之间的相互作用与意识意识相关
Ze-Fan Zheng1, Shu-Yue Huang1, Shena Lu1
1Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Zhejiang University.
Journal of experimental psychology. General
|October 5, 2023
概括
上向下 (TD) 和下向上 (BU) 的素数表示在一个素数看不见时独立地激活,但在有意识的感知中重叠. 这表明有不同的神经群体用于无意识和有意识的处理.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 斯特鲁普启动范式表明,主要目标不一致性会延迟响应时间 (RT).
- 目标和主观报告的原数身份之间的不一致性也延迟了RT,超出了经典的一致性效应.
- 当素数是看不见的,这些效应分类为自下而上的 (BU) 刺激驱动和自上而下的 (TD) 猜测驱动的对等效应,分别.
研究的目的:
- 测试全球神经元工作空间理论在意识和无意识处理过程中对TD-BU网络相互作用的假设.
- 在不同的可见性条件下,研究TD和BU素数表示的神经群体重叠.
主要方法:
- 使用修改后的Stroop初始化范式的两个行为实验.
- 操纵主要可见度,以区分有意识和无意识的处理.
- 测量响应时间 (RT) 以评估一致性效应.
主要成果:
- 添加式RT效应用于TD和BU对等性,主要无形试验,表明独立的神经元激活.
- 随着主要可见度的增加,添加不足的相互作用效应增加了,这表明在有意识的感知过程中神经元群体重叠.
- 行为证据支持全球神经元工作空间理论的预测.
结论:
- 在无意识的感知过程中,TD和BU的素数表示是由独立的神经元群体处理的.
- 在意识感知过程中,TD和BU的素数表示会招募重叠的神经元群体.
- 开发的行为范式提供了一种具有成本效益的方法,用于检测各种心理过程中的表示重叠.
相关概念视频
01:19High-Level and Low-Level Awareness
277
Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
277
01:15Subconsciousness and No Awareness
250
The concept of subconscious awareness refers to the processing of information below the level of conscious thought, which significantly influences both behaviors and decisions. It is also known as waking subconscious awareness. This complex level of cognition operates without the direct awareness of the individual, facilitating rapid and simultaneous handling of multiple information streams.
An illustrative example of subconscious processing is its role in problem-solving. Often, individuals...
An illustrative example of subconscious processing is its role in problem-solving. Often, individuals...
250
01:53Cause and Effect
10.9K
While variables are sometimes correlated because one does cause the other, it could also be that some other factor, a confounding variable, is actually causing the systematic movement in our variables of interest. For instance, as sales in ice cream increase, so does the overall rate of crime. Is it possible that indulging in your favorite flavor of ice cream could send you on a crime spree? Or, after committing crime do you think you might decide to treat yourself to a cone?
10.9K
01:37Reason and Intuition
6.5K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
6.5K
01:15Subliminal Perception
283
Subliminal perception refers to the processing of sensory information that occurs below the level of conscious awareness. Researchers study subliminal perception by presenting a stimulus, such as a word or image, very quickly, typically around 50 milliseconds. This rapid presentation is often followed by another stimulus, such as a pattern of dots or lines, which blocks further mental processing of the initial stimulus. As a result, if participants cannot identify the initial stimulus better...
283
01:20Decision Making
121
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
121