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相关概念视频

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

2.5K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.5K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.5K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.3K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.1K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.1K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.0K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
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Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water
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固态允许的H型超分子聚合物.

Rasitha Manha Veedu1, Niklas Niemeyer1,2, Nils Bäumer1

  • 1Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
|October 5, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

无菌阻断的二甲基 (BODIPY) 染料意外地形成了更稳定的H型超分子聚合物. 这种增强的稳定性源于特定的C-H⋅⋅⋅F-B相互作用,可以克服固态障碍.

关键词:
身体染料 身体染料路径复杂性 路径复杂性自动组装自动组装绝缘效应 绝缘效应 绝缘效应超分子多态化 超分子多态化

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科学领域:

  • 超分子化学 超分子化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 有机化学 有机化学

背景情况:

  • 具有庞大的群体的π结合系统的功能化通常通过防止对面堆叠来抑制自我组装.
  • H型 (共面) 堆叠通常是不受欢迎的,因为它可以导致聚合引起的火和降低材料性能.

研究的目的:

  • 研究增加固体阻碍对H型超分子聚合物的自我组装和热力学稳定性的影响.
  • 探索非共价相互作用在决定功能化染料自组装行为的作用.

主要方法:

  • 三种二甲基 (BODIPY) 染料的合成:甲基BODIPY (1),替代的BODIPY (2) 和替代的BODIPY (3).
  • 对这些BODY染料在非极性介质中的自我组装行为的比较研究.
  • 分析所得到的超分子结构的热力学稳定性.

主要成果:

  • 增加BODIPY染料的硬质体积并没有抑制H型自组装;相反,它增强了H型超分子聚合物的热力学稳定性.
  • 观察到复杂的自我组装路径与增加的固体需求.
  • 增强的稳定性归因于直角排列的芳香替代剂之间的有利的分子间C-H⋅⋅⋅F-B相互作用,从而弥补了固态排斥.

结论:

  • 绝缘效应可以意外地促进H型超分子聚合物的热力学稳定性.
  • 平衡竞争的非共价相互作用,如固体排斥和特定吸引力 (C-H⋅⋅⋅F-B),对于控制自组装至关重要.
  • 这项工作挑战了对 π 结合系统自组装中的硬质障碍的传统理解.