质子通道 OTOP1 是一种对化氨酸味道的传感器
Ziyu Liang1,2, Courtney E Wilson3, Bochuan Teng1,2,4
1Section of Neurobiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
Nature communications
|October 5, 2023
概括
质子通道OTOP1感知到化 (NH4Cl),一种有毒的氨基酸分解产物. 这一发现揭示了检测哺乳动物NH4Cl味道的新机制.
科学领域:
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 氨 (NH4+) 是一种氨基酸分解产物,可以通过味道系统检测到.
- 脊椎动物味道研究长期研究,但其特定的味道受体仍然未知.
- 质子选择性离子通道参与了味觉感知.
研究的目的:
- 在味觉中识别化 (NH4Cl) 的分子传感器.
- 阐明OTOP1检测NH4Cl的机制.
- 研究OTOP1在哺乳动物品味行为中的作用.
主要方法:
- HEK-293细胞电生理学与野生类型和突变的OTOP1.1.
- 在实验室中对孤立的III型味觉受体细胞 (TRC) 和味觉神经进行了研究.
- 在野生型和转基因 (Otop1-/-, Skn-1a-/-) 小鼠中进行行为厌恶测试.
主要成果:
- 细胞外NH4Cl在表达OTOP1的细胞中引起了剂量依赖的内流,与细胞醇化相关.
- 在OTOP1的一个特定突变 (R292) 减少了相对于酸的NH4Cl反应.
- 在Otop1淘汰赛小鼠中,味觉反应和对NH4Cl的行为厌恶被废除.
结论:
- OTOP1作为一种主要的化 (NH4Cl) 味道传感器.
- 通过NH4Cl激活OTOP1,涉及一个以前未被描述的通道机制.
- 这一发现为氨化合物的味觉感知分子基础提供了新的见解.
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