衍生动物类是主要突触体辐射的先驱
Spencer M Hellert1,2, David M Grossnickle3,4, Graeme T Lloyd5
1Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA. shellert@fieldmuseum.org.
Nature ecology & evolution
|October 5, 2023
概括
小体动物群是主要突触体辐射的共同祖先,推动了生物多样性. 这种祖先的特征,特别是体型小,在哺乳动物的起源附近建立起来,有助于生存和随后的多样化.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 宏观进化的生物学
- 脊椎动物的进化 脊椎动物的进化
背景情况:
- 进化辐射是生物多样性的关键驱动力.
- 辐射的祖先生态形态特征在很大程度上仍未得到量化.
- 在Synapsida (哺乳动物总群),一个"小体动物"的祖先已经被假设,但没有量化评估.
研究的目的:
- 量化评估Synapsida中的宏观进化模式.
- 研究主要突触体辐射的祖先中常见的生态形态特征.
- 为了检查身体尺寸和饮食进化跨突触进化辐射.
主要方法:
- 为1888种突触体物种 (碳化物 - 纪) 构建一个时间校准的元 ("元树").
- 利用269个已发表的字符矩阵进行了家族遗传重建.
- 应用比较方法来分析体型和饮食进化.
主要成果:
- 动物食被确定为所有主要突触辐射的祖先饮食制度.
- 相对较小的身体尺寸被确立为近哺乳动物 (特里亚斯纪晚期) 起源的辐射的共同祖先状态.
- 祖先的动物食者往往具有新的性格,可能在动物周转和随后的辐射期间促进生存.
结论:
- 动物学始终以突触辐射的祖先为特征.
- 作为一个共同的祖先特征的小体型后来出现,与哺乳动物的起源相吻合.
- 野生动物祖先的新型特征可能在它们的辐射能力中发挥了关键作用.
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