学校拒绝的住院患者的风险因素概况:一个维度模型
Mouna Al-Husni Al-Keilani1, Michèle Dramaix, Véronique Delvenne
1Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 15 Avenue Jean Joseph Crocq, 1020 Bruxelles, Belgium, Mouna.alhusni@huderf.be.
Psychiatria Danubina
|October 6, 2023
概括
青少年拒绝上学与内部化问题和社会困难有关,与涉及外部化问题的学业或行为障碍不同. 了解这些差异有助于早期发现和管理学校上学问题.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 学校出勤问题,包括拒绝上学和错学,显著影响年轻人的发展.
- 了解学校拒绝的发展轨迹对于早期发现和改善管理至关重要.
- 一个维度模型表明,拒绝上学是一个内部化的问题,而缺学是一个外部化的问题,暗示着不同的风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童和青少年住院患者拒绝上学的发展轨迹和风险因素概况.
- 将拒绝上学的患者与那些表现出学,行为障碍和饮食障碍的患者进行比较.
主要方法:
- 对四组儿童和青少年住院患者进行了回顾性研究:拒绝上学 (SR),缺学 (TR),没有退学的行为障碍 (BD) 和饮食障碍 (ED).
- 组分配是基于检查清单标准和住院诊断.
- 描述性统计数据,包括奇平方和费舍尔精确测试,用于组比较.
主要成果:
- 语言发育延迟,依恋障碍,多动症,身体虐待和药物滥用在BD和TR组中更为常见.
- 在BD,TR和SR组中,学习障碍普遍存在.
- 经历SR患者更多的孤立和拒绝,焦虑和情绪障碍的比率更高,而BD和TR群体表现出更多的外部化行为和暴力的家庭/同行互动.
结论:
- 在住院患者中,严重的学校拒绝与内化问题,情绪失调和与同龄人的社会困难有关.
- 住院患者的行为障碍和错学与行为调节中的外部化问题和挑战有关.
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