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眼睛的运动显示,小学生在解决加法和减法时会转移注意力
Nicolas Masson1,2, Valérie Dormal2, Martine Stephany1
1Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences (FHSE), Department, of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences (DBCS), Institute of Cognitive Science and Assessment (COSA), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Developmental science
|October 6, 2023
概括
孩子们在数学学习期间发展空间注意力技能. 眼睛追踪显示,8-10岁的孩子使用注意力转移来解决算术问题,帮助答案检索和计算.
科学领域:
- 认知发展 认知发展
- 数学的认知能力数学认知能力
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 成年人表现出空间注意力转移 (加法右边,减法左边) 支持算术计算和答案范围缩小.
- 儿童算术学习期间这些注意力转移的发展轨迹在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童 (8岁和10岁) 在算术问题解决过程中发生的空间注意力转移的出现和特征.
- 确定这些注意力机制何时出现在数学家发展中的计算阶段的关系中.
主要方法:
- 利用高时空分辨率的眼睛跟踪来监测自发的眼睛运动,作为注意力转移的代理.
- 评估了二年级 (8 y-o) 和四年级 (10 y-o) 的注意力转移,同时他们解决了简单的加法和减法问题.
主要成果:
- 这两个年龄组在算术任务中表现出横向和垂直的注意力转移.
- 10岁的孩子在展示第一个操作数和运算符时表现出预期的水平眼睛运动,在确切计算之前.
- 8岁的孩子们稍后表现出注意力转移,只有在第二个操作数被介绍后,在响应之前.
结论:
- 空间注意力在儿童算术问题解决过程中被招募,即使在数学学习的早期阶段也是如此.
- 注意力转移的时间表明,随着增加的算术练习,儿童越来越多地利用空间注意力来预测和指导寻找正确答案.
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