身体活动干预改善了早期儿童的执行功能和语言发展:积极的早期学习集群随机对照试验
Lisa S Olive1,2,3, Rohan M Telford4, Elizabeth Westrupp1,2
1School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Child development
|October 6, 2023
概括
积极早期学习 (AEL) 计划改善了学龄前儿童的执行功能和表达词汇. 这种以照顾儿童为基础的体育活动干预措施对抑制和语言发育产生了积极影响.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 执行功能和表达性词汇对于幼儿发展至关重要.
- 儿童保育机构提供了结构化的体力活动干预措施的机会.
- 以前的研究表明,身体活动和儿童的认知发展之间存在联系.
研究的目的:
- 评估积极早期学习 (AEL) 干预措施对学龄前儿童执行功能和表达词汇的影响.
- 为了确定一个集成到儿童保育例程中的以中心为基础的体育活动计划是否可以提高认知和语言技能.
- 用随机对照试验设计来调查AEL的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验,涉及来自澳大利亚15个儿童保育中心的314名年龄在3-5岁的学前儿童.
- 儿童被随机分配到AEL干预组 (n=170) 或对照组 (n=144).
- 干预涉及将AEL体育活动纳入日常照顾儿童的日常生活.
主要成果:
- AEL干预表明对儿童的抑制有显著的积极影响,这是执行功能的关键组成部分 (β=0.5,p=.033,d=0.29).
- 在AEL组儿童的表达词汇中观察到显著的改善 (β=1.97,p=.001,d=0.24).
- 该干预措施有效地提高了执行功能和表达性语言发展.
结论:
- 将积极的早期学习体育活动干预措施整合到日常照顾儿童的日常生活中,有效地提高了早期儿童的执行功能和表达性语言.
- 该AEL计划提供了一个可行的模式,以促进在学前环境的认知和语言发展.
- 研究结果支持在儿童保育中使用结构化体育活动计划,以促进儿童的整体发展.
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