一种行为知情的方法来降低因补充剂使用而无意中违反反兴奋剂规则的风险
1Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK. S.Backhouse@leedsbeckett.ac.uk.
Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|October 6, 2023
概括
运动员经常使用补充剂,冒着被禁止使用禁止物质的风险. 需要一种以行为为基础的方法来帮助运动员安全使用补充剂,避免无意中使用兴奋剂.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 美国反兴奋剂委员会
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 补充剂的使用在运动员中很普遍,造成了由于禁止物质而导致无意中兴奋剂的风险.
- 严格的反兴奋剂规则责任意味着运动员因违反补充剂而面临严重后果.
- 现有的认证计划减少但不能消除风险,导致一些人主张完全禁止补充剂.
研究的目的:
- 描述一种系统的,以理论为基础的方法,以防止从补充剂使用中无意中使用兴奋剂.
- 为了确定影响运动员遵守风险最小化补充剂使用指南 (RMSUG) 的障碍和推动因素.
- 促进一个概念转变,以行为为基础的干预,以防止无意中兴奋剂的预防.
主要方法:
- 对有关补充剂使用和反兴奋剂的现有文献进行叙述性审查.
- 应用行为改变轮框架来理解和解决运动员的行为.
- 对遵守风险最小化补充使用指南的障碍和促进因素的分析.
主要成果:
- 运动员使用补充剂存在无意中使用兴奋剂的重大风险,尽管有质量保证计划.
- 对补充剂的"只是说不"的方法是有问题的,因为有些可能对运动员来说是必要的.
- 了解运动员的行为对于开发有效的干预措施来最大限度地减少与补充剂相关的兴奋剂风险至关重要.
结论:
- 需要一种基于行为,系统的方法来防止通过补充剂使用的无意中兴奋剂.
- 需要多方面的干预措施来支持运动员遵守降低风险的补充剂使用指南.
- 通过行为改变的镜头来框架无意中使用兴奋剂可以刺激有针对性的干预措施.
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