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肺癌风险归因于中国的活跃吸烟:系统审查和元分析
Jian Zhao1, Yu Lin Shi1, Yu Tong Wang1
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES
|October 7, 2023
概括
在中国,活跃吸烟显著增加了肺癌的风险,目前的吸烟者面临的风险最高. 戒烟对于减轻这些不良健康影响至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 肺癌 (LC) 在中国仍然是一个重大的健康问题.
- 关于中国人口中可归因于活跃吸烟的LC的确切相对风险 (RR) 没有确立的共识.
- 了解这种风险对于公共卫生干预和政策制定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在中国人群中对肺癌的相对风险 (RR) 进行统一评估,该风险可归因于活跃吸烟.
- 综合现有证据,提供更明确的风险估计.
主要方法:
- 在七个数据库中进行了系统的文献搜索,以确定相关研究.
- 包括报告中国活跃吸烟的研究,比较吸烟者与非吸烟者.
- 用元分析计算了与吸烟相关的LC的相对风险 (RR),包括"曾经","前"和"目前"吸烟者.
主要成果:
- 44项独特的研究被纳入了元分析.
- 对于"曾经"吸烟者来说,合并的RR是2.71 (95%CI:2.12-3.46),对于"前"吸烟者来说是2.66 (95%CI:2.45-2.88),对于"目前"吸烟者来说是4.21 (95%CI:3.25-5.45) 在两性结合起来.
- 对于男性和女性,也分别报告了特定的RR,这表明在不同吸烟状态下,LC风险的持续增加.
结论:
- 在过去的40年里,与中国活跃吸烟相关的肺癌的相对风险 (RR) 在2至6之间保持相对稳定.
- 虽然早期戒烟可以在一定程度上减少RR,但完全戒烟是避免其有害健康后果的最有效策略.
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