在COVID-19大流行之前和期间,挪威危机避难所的利用
Valborg Baste1, Inger Haukenes2,3, Tone Morken1
1National Centre for Emergency Primary Health Care, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.
Women's health (London, England)
|October 7, 2023
概括
由于COVID-19流行病的限制,挪威减少了危机避难所的使用,特别是白天的访问. 避难所看到更多的首次居民和转向电话联系,需要为未来的流行病做好准备.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- COVID-19大流行和相关的控制措施,如锁定和身体距离,显著影响了社会结构和个人行为.
- 这些社会转变引发了人们对支持服务的可访问性和利用性的担忧,包括家庭暴力危机避难所.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较在最初的COVID-19大流行期间 (2020) 与前一年 (2019年) 的挪威危机避难所寻求家庭暴力服务的个人的患病率.
- 分析危机避难所首次使用者报告的人口特征和暴力类型.
- 为了比较首都的危机避难所与挪威其他地区的危机避难所之间的利用模式和用户人口统计.
主要方法:
- 采用了观察性研究设计,利用从所有挪威危机避难所收集的数据.
- 2019年和2020年的数据进行了比较,重点关注相应时期 (3月12日至12月31日),以考虑季节性变化.
- 使用统计分析,包括t测试和千平方测试,以确定这两个时期之间的显著差异.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,危机避难所的使用率,包括住宿住宿和白天访问,与疫情前时期 (11,814名用户) 相比,在疫情期间下降了 (7,102名用户).
- 在疫情限制期间,从白天访问到电话联系发生了显著的转变,在疫情期间,住宿住宿比例 (21.5%) 与白天访问 (15.4%) 的比例更高.
- 在疫情期间,首次使用者的比例增加了居民 (52.4%对47.1%) 和白天游客 (10.9%对9.0%).
结论:
- 在挪威,危机避难所的使用,特别是白天的访问,在COVID-19大流行期间下降,并向基于电话的通信大幅转变.
- 这些发现表明,危机避难所需要适应并为未来公共卫生危机期间增加的电话联系量做好准备.
- 虽然用户人口统计学方面的区域差异很小,但在疫情期间,首都在居民中出现了更高的心理暴力和威胁事件.
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